Nokea
Which of the following is CORRECT about aspirin poisoning?
- A. Is rarely seen in cases of chronic use
- B. It does not affect body temperature
- C. It is treated by administration of intravenous sodium bicarbonate
- D. The earliest sign is hypoventilation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium bicarbonate enhances aspirin excretion by alkalinizing urine.
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Tuberculin purified protein derivative:
- A. Is administered to patients who are known tuberculin-positive reactors
- B. May be administered to patients who are on immunosuppressives
- C. May be administered 2 to 3 weeks after an MMR or varicella vaccine
- D. May be administered the same day as the MMR and/or varicella vaccine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: TB skin test can be given same-day as MMR/varicella; prior positives or immunosuppression complicate interpretation.
Beta-blockers - aside from their cardiovascular indications - are also used in the treatment of which condition?
- A. Gout
- B. Glaucoma
- C. Reynaud's phenomenon
- D. Asthma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers (e.g., timolol) are used in glaucoma to reduce intraocular pressure.
Your lab group has been evaluating the effects of 'Ultron' a new drug for the treatment of intractable hiccups. When administered over a wide concentration range, three dose response relationships were defined in test subjects. Using facial flushing as an unwanted side effect, what would be the estimated therapeutic index for Ultron?
- A. 0.1
- B. 100
- C. 10
- D. Can't determine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The therapeutic index (TI) is typically a ratio of the dose causing a toxic effect to the dose producing a therapeutic effect. Without specific data, 10 is a reasonable estimate for a drug with defined dose-response relationships, as per the answer key.
When taking a medication history on a patient why should the nurse ask about the use of alternative therapies?
- A. Patients who use new drugs are usually not compliant with medical regimens.
- B. Many drug-alternative therapy interactions can cause serious problems and should be avoided.
- C. Natural products may be more effective and the drug may not be needed.
- D. The cost of the drug and the alternative therapy may be too great for the patient to handle.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alternative therapies can interact with prescribed drugs, potentially causing adverse effects, making this a critical assessment point.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is supposed to receive two drugs at the same time. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Wash her hands before handling the medications.
- B. Consult a drug guide for compatibility.
- C. Question the patient concerning drug allergies.
- D. Identify the patient by checking the armband and asking the patient to state his name.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A nurse should first consult a drug guide for compatibility when two or more drugs are being given at the same time. After compatibility is determined the medication can be administered. The nurse will perform hand hygiene, check for patient allergies, and ensure the right patient receives the medication by using two identifiers.