Nokea
Another term for hyperglycemic reaction is diabetic ___
Correct Answer: ketoacidosis
Rationale: Hyperglycemic reaction-the body eliminates the excess glucose by the kidneys releasing it in the urine. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (acidosis accompanied by an accumulation of ketones in the blood), formerly called diabetic coma, may develop and the patient could die. DKA is a severe metabolic disturbance caused by an acute insulin deficiency, decreased peripheral glucose use, and increased fat mobilization and ketogenesis.
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The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving calcium gluconate for treatment of hypoparathyroid tetany. Which assessment would indicate an adverse reaction to the drug?
- A. Increase in heart rate
- B. Flushing of face and neck
- C. Drop in blood pressure
- D. Urticaria
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Indications of an adverse effect of calcium gluconate are serious cardiac dysrhythmias, and hypotension.
A 27-year-old patient with hypothyroidism is referred to the dietitian for dietary consultation. The nurse will reinforce instructions for which nutritional interventions?
- A. Frequent small meals high in carbohydrates
- B. Calorie-restricted meals
- C. Caffeine-rich beverages
- D. Fluid restrictions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A high-protein, high-fiber, lower calorie diet is given.
For which reason would a patient with hyperthyroidism be prescribed the drug methimazole?
- A. To limit the effect of the pituitary on the thyroid.
- B. To destroy part of the hyperactive thyroid tissue.
- C. To stimulate the pineal gland.
- D. To block the production of thyroid hormones.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Medical management for hyperthyroidism may include administration of drugs that block the production of thyroid hormones, such as propylthiouracil or methimazole.
In diabetes insipidus, a deficiency of which hormone causes clinical manifestations?
- A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- B. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- C. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- D. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus develops when there is a decrease in production of ADH from the posterior pituitary or the action of ADH is diminished.
Which test will furnish immediate feedback for a newly diagnosed diabetic who is not yet under control?
- A. Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
- B. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
- C. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
- D. Clinitest
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diabetics should do a finger-stick blood glucose level test before each meal and at bedtime each day until their disease is under control. The HbA1c serum test reveals the effectiveness of diabetes therapy for the preceding 8 to 12 weeks.