Nokea
Only ___ insulin can be administered intravenously.
Correct Answer: regular
Rationale: Insulin is given subcutaneously, although intravenous (IV) administration of regular insulin can be done when immediate onset of action is desired.
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A patient has come to the clinic because of enlarged hands and feet, amenorrhea, and increased hair growth. These symptoms most likely indicate problems with which endocrine gland?
- A. pituitary gland.
- B. adrenal glands.
- C. thyroid gland.
- D. pancreas.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pituitary gland may produce an overabundance of growth hormone. This overproduction of hormones may cause changes throughout the patient's body, including enlargement of the pituitary gland and hands and feet. Female patients may develop a deepened voice, increased facial hair growth, and amenorrhea. In a fully grown adult, this condition is acromegaly.
As the nurse is shaving a patient who is 2 days postoperative from a thyroidectomy, the patient has a spasm of the facial muscles. The nurse will recognize this as which sign?
- A. Chvostek sign
- B. Montgomery sign
- C. Trousseau sign
- D. Homans' sign
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The spasm of facial muscles when stimulated is the Chvostek sign, an indication of hypocalcemic tetany.
Which action will the nurse take for the postoperative care of the patient who had a thyroidectomy?
- A. Assessing ability to speak by asking him or her to recite name and address every hour
- B. Maintaining anatomic position of the head when moving a patient
- C. Assisting a patient to hyperextend the head to assess for muscle damage
- D. Doing voice check every 2 hours
- E. Turning, coughing every hour
- F. Checking for bleeding at the sides and the back of the head
Correct Answer: B,D,F
Rationale: The nurse should hold the head in an anatomic position when moving the patient to prevent tension on the suture line, do a voice check every 2 to 4 hours by asking the patient to say 'ah'; the patient is not turned nor is coughing recommended immediately after a thyroidectomy.
A condition with a deficiency in growth hormone is called ___ dwarfism.
Correct Answer: hypopituitary
Rationale: A condition with a deficiency in growth hormone is called hypopituitary dwarfism. Most cases are idiopathic, but a small number can be attributed to an autosomal-recessive trait. In some cases, there is also a lack of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), TSH, and the gonadotropins.
Which instructions will the nurse provide to a patient with diabetes to prevent injury to the feet?
- A. Soak feet in warm water every day.
- B. Avoid going barefoot and always wear shoes with soles.
- C. Use of commercial keratolytic agents to remove corns and calluses are preferred to cutting off corns and calluses.
- D. Use a heating pad to warm feet when they feel cool to the touch.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sturdy, properly fitting shoes should be worn. Use of corn removers and heating pads is not beneficial to preserve the health of a diabetic's feet.