Nokea
Which is a sign or symptom of hypoglycemia?
- A. Irritability
- B. Dry mouth
- C. Tremors
- D. Diaphoresis
- E. Fruity breath
- F. Deep respirations
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Hypoglycemic reaction: rapid shallow respirations, irritability, tremors, excessive perspiration, and possibly loss of consciousness.
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Which information will the nurse provide a patient with type I diabetes regarding excessive exercise?
- A. It can increase the need for insulin and may result in hyperglycemia.
- B. It can decrease the need for insulin and may result in hypoglycemia.
- C. It can increase muscle bulk and may result in malabsorption of insulin.
- D. It can decrease metabolic demand and may result in metabolic acidosis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient with diabetes should exercise regularly. Exercise can reduce insulin resistance and increase glucose uptake for as long as 72 hours, as well as reducing blood pressure and lipid levels. However, exercise can carry some risks for patients with diabetes, including hypoglycemia.
The nurse cautions the patient who is being instructed on self-medication with insulin to be aware that there are 25-, 30-, 50-, and 100-unit syringes. How is the 100-unit syringe marked?
- A. 1-unit increments
- B. 2-unit increments
- C. 4-unit increments
- D. 5-unit increments
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The 100-unit syringe is marked in 2-unit increments while the smaller syringes are marked in 1-unit increments.
Lispro has an onset of action within how many minutes?
- A. 90
- B. 60
- C. 15
- D. 45
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lispro begins to take effect in less than half the time of regular, fast-acting insulin. The new formula can be injected 15 minutes before a meal.
The nurse will place the patient who has had a thyroidectomy in which position postoperatively?
- A. Prone
- B. Semi-Fowler
- C. Side-lying
- D. Supine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Postoperative management of this patient includes keeping the bed in a semi-Fowler's position, with pillows supporting the head and shoulders. There should be a suction apparatus and tracheotomy tray available for emergency use.
As the nurse is shaving a patient who is 2 days postoperative from a thyroidectomy, the patient has a spasm of the facial muscles. The nurse will recognize this as which sign?
- A. Chvostek sign
- B. Montgomery sign
- C. Trousseau sign
- D. Homans' sign
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The spasm of facial muscles when stimulated is the Chvostek sign, an indication of hypocalcemic tetany.