Nokea
Anticholinergic agents, such as benztropine (Cogentin), may be given with a phenothiazine to:
- A. Reduce the chance of tardive dyskinesia
- B. Potentiate the effects of the drug
- C. Reduce the tolerance that tends to occur
- D. Increase central nervous system 4 (iNS) rdey
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Benztropine reduces EPS, which can precede tardive dyskinesia in phenothiazine use.
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A nurse assessing a client's IV catheter insertion site notes a hematoma. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Stop the infusion.
- B. Apply alcohol to the insertion site.
- C. Apply warm compresses to the insertion site
- D. Lower the client's arm.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Warm compresses and elevation reduce swelling and promote absorption of a hematoma.
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
- A. Selenium sulfide is used to treat seborrheic dermatitis of scalp
- B. Gamma-benzen hexachloride is effective against scabies
- C. Psoralens are used in the treatment of vitiligo
- D. Tetannic dioxide is an absorbent sunscreen
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Titanium dioxide is a reflective, not absorbent, sunscreen.
Both men and women experience bone loss with aging. The bones most likely to demonstrate significant loss are:
- A. Cortical bones
- B. Femoral neck bones
- C. Cervical vertebrae
- D. Pelvic bones
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Femoral neck is a trabecular bone site prone to significant age-related loss, unlike cortical or other areas .
The nurse is aware that for a drug to work properly on reactive tissues, a sufficient amount of the drug is needed to cause the therapeutic effect. The term used for this amount is:
- A. Critical concentration
- B. Dynamic equilibrium
- C. Selective toxicity
- D. Active transport
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A critical concentration of a drug must be present before a reaction occurs within our cells. A dynamic equilibrium is obtained from absorption of a drug from the site of drug entry, distribution to the active site, metabolism in the liver, and excretion from the body to have a critical concentration. Selective toxicity is the ability of a drug to attach only to those systems found in foreign cells. Active transport is the process that uses energy to actively move a molecule across a cell membrane and is often involved in drug excretion in the kidney.
Which of the following class of agonists can precipitate hyperglycemia in diabetics?
- A. a 1-agonists
- B. α2-agonists
- C. β1-agonists
- D. β2-agonists
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Beta-2 agonists (e.g., salbutamol) increase glycogenolysis, raising blood glucose.