Pediatrics Baby Fell off Bed Questions

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Arvic who is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1 displays symptoms of hypoglycemia; which of the following actions should the nurse instruct the parents?

  • A. Give the child honey (simple sugar).
  • B. Give the child milk (complex sugar).
  • C. Contact the healthcare provider before doing anything.
  • D. Give the child nothing by mouth.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In a patient with diabetes mellitus type 1 showing symptoms of hypoglycemia, it is important to take immediate action to raise their blood sugar levels. The best way to quickly raise blood sugar levels in a hypoglycemic patient is by giving them a simple sugar, such as honey, fruit juice, or glucose tablets. These sugars are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream, providing a quick source of energy to the body. Milk, which was mentioned in option B, contains complex sugars and fats that may delay the increase in blood sugar levels. It is crucial to act promptly in a hypoglycemic situation, as untreated hypoglycemia can lead to serious complications, including seizures and loss of consciousness. Contacting the healthcare provider before giving treatment, as in option C, may cause dangerous delays in addressing the low blood sugar situation. Option D, giving the child nothing by mouth, is not appropriate in this scenario as it can wors

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What is the primary nursing intervention to prevent bacterial endocarditis?

  • A. Institute measures to prevent dental procedures.
  • B. Counsel parents of high-risk children about prophylactic antibiotics.
  • C. Observe children for complications, such as embolism and heart failure.
  • D. Encourage restricted mobility in susceptible children.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary nursing intervention to prevent bacterial endocarditis is to counsel parents of high-risk children about prophylactic antibiotics. This is recommended by the American Heart Association for children with certain heart conditions before dental procedures that could introduce bacteria into the bloodstream. By providing education on the importance of prophylactic antibiotics, nurses can help prevent bacterial endocarditis by reducing the risk of bacterial infection associated with dental procedures in susceptible children. It is important to involve the parents in the decision-making process and ensure they understand the rationale behind the use of prophylactic antibiotics to protect their child's heart health.

Which of the following assessment findings would suggest to the home health nurse that the patient is developing congestive heart failure?

  • A. orthopnea
  • B. fever
  • C. weight loss
  • D. calf pain A1 PASSERS TRAINING, RESEARCH, REVIEW & DEVELOPMENT COMPANY MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING SET O
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Orthopnea is a common symptom of congestive heart failure. It is defined as difficulty in breathing when lying flat, which improves when sitting up or standing. This occurs due to the redistribution of blood in the body when changing positions. As fluid accumulates in the lungs in congestive heart failure, lying down increases pressure on the chest and impairs breathing. Therefore, orthopnea is a significant assessment finding that would suggest to the home health nurse that the patient is developing congestive heart failure. Fever, weight loss, and calf pain are not typically associated with congestive heart failure.

Which statement is true about gonorrhea?

  • A. It is caused by Treponema pallidum.
  • B. Treatment is by multidose administration of penicillin.
  • C. Treatment is by topical applications to lesions.
  • D. Treatment of all sexual contacts is an essential part of treatment.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The recommended treatment for gonorrhea is a combination of antibiotics. Currently, multidose administration of antibiotics such as ceftriaxone or azithromycin is often used due to increasing antibiotic resistance. Treatment by topical applications to lesions is not effective in treating systemic infections like gonorrhea. Treating all sexual contacts is an essential part of the management of gonorrhea to prevent reinfection and further transmission of the infection.

A parent asks the nurse "at what age do most infants begin to fear strangers?" The nurse should give which response?

  • A. 2 months
  • B. 4 months
  • C. 6 months
  • D. 12 months
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Most infants begin to exhibit fear or stranger anxiety around 6 months of age. This is a normal developmental stage where infants become more aware of their surroundings and become wary of unfamiliar people. Infants may become anxious or cry when approached by strangers, showing that they prefer familiar faces like parents or caregivers. This behavior typically peaks between 6 to 9 months and gradually decreases as the child grows older and gains more social experience.

A patient asks the nurse what her diagnosis of heart failure means. Which of the ff. is the nurse's best response?

  • A. "Your heart briefly stops."
  • B. "Your heart has an area of muscle that is dead."
  • C. "Your heart is pumping to much blood."
  • D. "Your heart is not an efficient pump."
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The nurse's best response is D, "Your heart is not an efficient pump." Heart failure is a condition where the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently, leading to a decrease in the heart's ability to supply the body with oxygen and nutrients. This can result in symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. It is important for the patient to understand that heart failure does not mean the heart stops or has an area of dead muscle, but rather it is a condition where the heart is not able to function properly as a pump.

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