Nokea
Choose the most likely serum sodium (Na ) value for this patient.
- A. 110mEq/L
- B. 155mEq/L
- C. 165mEq/L
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most likely serum sodium (Na) value for this patient would be within the normal range which is typically between 135-145 mEq/L. A value of 155mEq/L would be considered hypernatremia, which is an elevated level of sodium in the blood, and is not a likely serum sodium value in this case. A level of 110mEq/L would be extremely low and indicate hyponatremia, while a level of 165mEq/L would be dangerously high and could indicate severe hypernatremia. Therefore, option B, 155mEq/L, falls within the normal range and is the most likely serum sodium value for this patient.
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Which laboratory test value is elevated in clients who smoke and can't be used as a general indicator of cancer?
- A. Acid phosphatase level
- B. Alkaline phosphatase level
- C. Serum calcitonin level
- D. Carcinoembryonic antigen level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alkaline phosphatase level is elevated in clients who smoke due to various reasons unrelated to cancer. Smoking leads to increased alkaline phosphatase production in the liver, and elevated levels can be attributed to liver damage caused by smoking. However, a high alkaline phosphatase level alone cannot be used as a general indicator of cancer because it is not specific to cancer and can be influenced by several other factors. Therefore, it is not a reliable marker for the presence of cancer in individuals who smoke or in the general population.
Which part of the body is supplied by nerves form the thoracic cord?
- A. Head
- B. Pelvis
- C. Trunk
- D. Coccyx
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nerves from the thoracic cord supply the trunk of the body. The thoracic spinal cord region is responsible for supplying nerves to the chest, abdomen, and back—the areas that make up the trunk of the body. Each level of the thoracic spinal cord is associated with specific nerves that innervate different areas of the trunk, including the intercostal muscles, abdominal muscles, and other structures. Therefore, the trunk is the part of the body supplied by nerves from the thoracic cord.
Regarding physical growth of middle childhood (6-11 years), all are true EXCEPT
- A. 3-3.5 kg weight increment/yr
- B. 6-7 cm height increment/yr
- C. brain stops myelinization by 8 years
- D. risk for future obesity falls by 6 years
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Risk for obesity does not necessarily fall by 6 years.
The parents of a newborn plan to have him circumcised. They ask the nurse about pain associated with this procedure. What knowledge should the nurse's response be based on?
- A. Experience pain with circumcision
- B. Do not experience pain with circumcision
- C. Quickly forget about the pain of circumcision
- D. Are too young for anesthesia or analgesia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The response should be based on the fact that newborns do not experience pain with circumcision. This is because newborns do not have a fully developed neurological system to perceive pain in the same way that adults do. Studies have shown that the pain response in newborns is limited, and they are able to quickly recover from minor procedures like circumcision without experiencing long-lasting pain. Therefore, the nurse should inform the parents that newborns do not experience pain with circumcision. This is important for providing accurate information and alleviating the concerns of the parents.
The nurse has been caring for a newborn who just died. The parents are present but say they are "afraid" to hold the dead newborn. Which is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
- A. Tell them there is nothing to fear.
- B. Insist that they hold newborn "one last time."
- C. Respect their wishes and release body to morgue.
- D. Keep newborn's body available for a few hours in case they change their minds.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most appropriate nursing intervention in this situation is to keep the newborn's body available for a few hours in case the parents change their minds. It is important to respect the parents' feelings and fears while also providing them with the opportunity to hold their child if they decide to do so later on. By keeping the newborn's body available, the parents can have the time and space they need to process their emotions and make a decision that feels right for them. This approach supports the parents' autonomy and allows them to grieve in a way that is meaningful to them.