Nokea
As the body breaks down protein, nitrogen wastes are broken down into urea, ammonia, and which other product?
- A. nitrogen.
- B. uric acid.
- C. nitrates.
- D. creatinine.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: As proteins break down, nitrogenous wastes-urea, ammonia, and creatinine-are produced.
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Which action can reduce the risk of skin impairment secondary to urinary incontinence?
- A. Decreasing fluid intake
- B. Catheterization of the older adult patient
- C. Limiting the use of medication (diuretics, etc.)
- D. Frequent toileting and meticulous skin care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Frequent toileting of the incontinent patient will prevent retained moisture in undergarments and bed linens and will preserve the integrity of the skin.
The nurse reassures the patient recovering from acute glomerulonephritis that after all other signs and symptoms of the disease subside, which change in the urine is normal?
- A. proteinuria.
- B. oliguria.
- C. hematuria.
- D. anasarca.
- E. oliguria.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Proteinuria and hematuria may exist microscopically even when other symptoms subside.
The nurse is aware that as a person ages there is a loss of which mechanism of the kidney due to a decrease in blood supply to the kidneys and loss of nephrons?
- A. filtering
- B. reabsorption
- C. sterile water
- D. concentrating
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The filtering mechanism is most affected with aging.
The prostatectomy technique, which involves an incision through the abdomen and the bladder, is a ___ prostatectomy.
- A. suprapubic
Correct Answer: suprapubic
Rationale: A suprapubic prostatectomy involves an incision through the abdomen and the bladder with removal of the gland with the finger.
Which step is the second step of blood flow in order of flow through the nephron?
- A. Reabsorption in loop of Henle
- B. Efferent arteriole
- C. Filtration in the glomerulus
- D. Reabsorption in proximal convoluted tubule
- E. Afferent arteriole
- F. Secretion in the distal convoluted tubule
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The blood enters the nephron via the afferent arteriole, is filtered through the glomerulus, reabsorption occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule, then the loop of Henle, then the distal convoluted tubule, and then out the efferent arteriole.