Nokea
Ask the nurse to explain the type of angina he is experiencing. The nurse explains the pain is due to the imbalance of myocardial supply.
- A. Unstable.
- B. Ischemic.
- C. Stable angina.
- D. Prinzmetal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stable angina. This type of angina occurs due to a predictable pattern of exertional activities causing chest pain. The imbalance in myocardial supply and demand is typically relieved with rest or medication. Unstable angina (A) is characterized by unpredictable chest pain at rest or with minimal exertion, indicating a more severe condition. Ischemic (B) refers to inadequate blood flow to the heart muscle, which can lead to angina. Prinzmetal angina (D) is caused by coronary artery spasm rather than exertion, making it less likely in this scenario.
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The nurse is preparing to care for a patient who has myasthenia gravis. The nurse will be alert to symptoms affecting which body system in the patient?
- A. Gastrointestinal (GI) and lower extremity muscles.
- B. Central nervous system (CNS), memory, and cognition.
- C. Respiratory and facial muscles.
- D. Cardiovascular system and postural muscles.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Respiratory and facial muscles. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction, leading to muscle weakness and fatigue. Symptoms commonly affect muscles involved in breathing (respiratory) and facial expressions, such as difficulty swallowing, breathing, speaking, and facial drooping. Monitoring these systems is crucial as respiratory muscle weakness can lead to respiratory failure. Choice A is incorrect because myasthenia gravis does not typically affect gastrointestinal or lower extremity muscles primarily. Choice B is incorrect as the primary symptoms of myasthenia gravis do not involve the central nervous system but rather the neuromuscular junction. Choice D is incorrect as myasthenia gravis does not directly impact the cardiovascular system or postural muscles.
A nurse is instructing a pregnant patient concerning the potential risk to her fetus from a pregnancy category B drug. What would the nurse inform the patient?
- A. There is evidence of human fetal risk, but the potential benefits from the use of the drug may be acceptable despite potential risks.
- B. Animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but there are no adequate studies in pregnant women.
- C. Adequate studies in pregnant women have demonstrated that there is no risk to the fetus.
- D. Animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus, but there have been no adequate studies in pregnant women.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The nurse would inform the patient that animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus, but there have been no adequate studies in pregnant women. This is because Pregnancy Category B drugs have shown no adverse effects in animal studies, but there is a lack of human data. Choice A is incorrect as it implies evidence of fetal risk in humans. Choice B is incorrect because it states adverse effects in animal studies without human data. Choice C is incorrect as it claims no risk based on limited studies. Therefore, the correct answer is D as it accurately reflects the classification of Pregnancy Category B drugs.
The nursing instructor asks the student nurse to explain the action of sumatriptan. What is the student's best response?
- A. Vasodilation of peripheral blood vessels.
- B. Depresses pain response in the central nervous system.
- C. Vasoconstrictive on cranial blood vessels.
- D. Binds to acetylcholine receptors to prevent nerve transmission.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Vasoconstrictive on cranial blood vessels. Sumatriptan is a medication used to treat migraines by constricting blood vessels in the brain, which helps to reduce inflammation and pain associated with migraines. This action helps to alleviate migraine symptoms. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because sumatriptan does not cause vasodilation, depress pain response in the central nervous system, or bind to acetylcholine receptors. Sumatriptan specifically targets cranial blood vessels to relieve migraine symptoms.
You are writing a care plan for a patient who is taking anticoagulant. What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis?
- A. Maintain narcan on standby.
- B. Notify the healthcare provider of any patient receiving this drug.
- C. Evaluate patient for PT for 2.5.
- D. Establish safety precautions.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Establish safety precautions. This is the appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient taking anticoagulants as they are at an increased risk of bleeding. Safety precautions, such as fall prevention measures and educating the patient about signs of bleeding, are crucial to prevent complications.
A: Maintaining narcan on standby is not relevant to anticoagulant therapy as narcan is used to reverse opioid overdose, not to manage bleeding risk associated with anticoagulants.
B: Notifying the healthcare provider is important, but it is not a nursing diagnosis. It is a part of the nursing intervention to ensure appropriate management of anticoagulant therapy.
C: Evaluating the patient for PT (prothrombin time) of 2.5 is a specific laboratory value, not a nursing diagnosis. It is important for monitoring anticoagulant therapy effectiveness.
Summary: Option D is correct as it focuses on patient safety in the context of anticoagulant therapy
Identify one indicator for a narcotics antagonist to be prescribed.
- A. Treatment of narcotic dependence.
- B. Treatment of alcohol dependence.
- C. Reversal of tachycardia.
- D. Reversal of bronchoconstriction.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Treatment of narcotic dependence. Narcotics antagonists are prescribed to counteract the effects of narcotics in the body. By blocking the receptors that narcotics bind to, these antagonists help in the treatment of narcotic dependence by reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because narcotics antagonists are not indicated for the treatment of alcohol dependence, reversal of tachycardia, or bronchoconstriction. The key indicator for prescribing a narcotics antagonist is its specific role in addressing narcotic dependence, making choice A the correct option.