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At a well-child visit, the parents of a toddler ask the nurse how they should teach their toddler the importance of dental hygiene. Which of the following actions should the nurse recommend to the parents?
- A. Remind the toddler to brush his teeth every day
- B. Have the dentist tell the toddler about the importance of dental hygiene
- C. Schedule a time to brush their own teeth with their toddler
- D. Have the toddler watch an educational cartoon video on teeth brushing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Toddlers learn best by observing their parents. Brushing teeth together sets a good example and reinforces the behavior.
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During the first prenatal visit, the pregnant woman informs the nurse that she cannot wait to start wearing maternity clothes. This finding is based on an assessment of which functional health pattern?
- A. Cognitive-perceptual pattern
- B. Self-perception–self-concept pattern
- C. Health-perception–health-management pattern
- D. Values-beliefs pattern
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excitement about wearing maternity clothes suggests the woman has accepted her changing body image, part of the self-perception–self-concept pattern.
In a family in which the mother and the father differ on how to spend and save money, the parents are constantly arguing with each other. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care for this couple?
- A. Assist them to develop strategies that are congruent with their values.
- B. Allow each of them to defend his or her own values.
- C. Focus on outcomes that each wants to accomplish.
- D. Divert their attention to areas in which they are successful.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Developing strategies congruent with each individual's values will help reduce conflict and improve their financial decisions.
Which is a violation of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996?
- A. Nurse reporting a case of TB to the health department
- B. Nurse reporting a case of child abuse to the Department of Human Services
- C. Nurse discussing the person’s case with his or her physician
- D. Nurse discussing the person’s case with his or her school nurse
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is a federal privacy standard that requires safeguards to protect the security and confidentiality of health information. Disclosures without individual authorization are allowed only to public health authorities authorized by law to collect and receive information for the purpose of preventing or controlling disease, injury, or disability. Before speaking to the school nurse, the nurse must obtain authorization from the client’s parents.
Which of the following actions should parents take to help their teenager meet his developmental task?
- A. Set strict rules to prevent the teenager from getting into any trouble.
- B. Maintain an ongoing dialogue about important issues and upcoming challenges.
- C. Maintain a friendship with the teenager, so he views parents as peers.
- D. Be very lenient with the teenager so that he can figure out who he is as a person.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ongoing dialogue about challenges and listening to teenagers supports their development of a healthy identity.
How old is a preschooler with a receptive vocabulary of up to 5600 words?
- A. 42 months old
- B. 48 months old
- C. 54 months old
- D. 60 months old
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: By 48 months, most preschoolers have receptive vocabularies of up to 5600 words.