Nokea
B-Blockers are contra indicated in
- A. Hypertension
- B. Congestive cardiac failure
- C. Anxiety states
- D. Hyperthyroidis m
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers worsen congestive heart failure.
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Genetic testing for VCORC1 mutation to assess potential warfarin resistance is required prior to prescribing warfarin.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: VCORC1 testing is recommended but not required before prescribing warfarin; it's optional to guide dosing.
A nurse is administering digoxin to a patient. To administer medications so that the drug is as effective as possible, the nurse needs to consider what?
- A. Peak plasma level
- B. Half-life
- C. Drug interactions
- D. Timing of administration
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: To maximize digoxin's effectiveness, the nurse must consider timing of administration to align with therapeutic levels and avoid toxicity, especially given its narrow therapeutic index. Peak plasma level, half-life, and drug interactions are factors, but timing is critical for efficacy.
When administering parenteral drugs, which of the following routes would the nurse use? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Subcutaneous
- B. Intramuscular
- C. Intradural
- D. Intravenous
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A nurse can administer parenteral drugs via subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intradermal, and, in some instances, intra-arterial routes by means of a catheter placed by a physician in an artery. The primary health care provider can administer a drug via the intradural route.
The nurse uses what term to describe the drug level required to have a therapeutic effect?
- A. Critical concentration
- B. Dynamic equilibrium
- C. Selective toxicity
- D. Active transport
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A critical concentration of a drug must be present before a reaction occurs within the cells to bring about the desired therapeutic effect. A dynamic equilibrium is obtained from absorption of a drug from the site of drug entry, distribution to the active site, metabolism in the liver, and excretion from the body to have a critical concentration. Selective toxicity is the ability of a drug to attach only to those systems found in foreign cells. Active transport is the process that uses energy to actively move a molecule across a cell membrane and is often involved in drug excretion in the kidney.
Select the first choice drug for acute gout:
- A. Colchicine
- B. Indomethacin
- C. Allopurinol
- D. Dexamethasone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Indomethacin, an NSAID, is the first-line treatment for acute gout due to its rapid anti-inflammatory action; colchicine is an alternative, while allopurinol is for prophylaxis.