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Based on the circadian rhythm, the body's temperature normally drops 1°F to 2°F in the late afternoon.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: False. Body temperature typically peaks in the late afternoon and drops at night, not specifically in the late afternoon.
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Antipyretics are medications given for hypertension.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: False. Antipyretics are medications used to reduce fever, not hypertension.
There are a total of six vital signs: five objective and one subjective. Four of the five objective vital signs include the blood pressure, temperature, pulse, and respirations. What is the fifth objective vital sign? What is the one subjective vital sign?
- A. Fifth objective: oxygen saturation; Subjective: pain
- B. Fifth objective: pain; Subjective: oxygen saturation
- C. Fifth objective: blood pressure; Subjective: temperature
- D. Fifth objective: pulse; Subjective: respirations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oxygen saturation (SpO2) is the fifth objective vital sign, measured via pulse oximetry. Pain is the subjective vital sign, assessed through patient self-report.
To assess the blood pressure on the upper arm, you should place the stethoscope over which artery? Located at which site?
- A. Brachial artery; antecubital fossa
- B. Radial artery; wrist
- C. Femoral artery; groin
- D. Popliteal artery; knee
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The brachial artery, located in the antecubital fossa, is used for blood pressure measurement as it provides accurate readings of systemic pressure.
When auscultated, the heart sounds should sound muffled and distant.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: False. Normal heart sounds (S1 and S2) should be clear and distinct, not muffled or distant, which may indicate pathology.
List at least eight factors that can affect blood pressure.
- A. Age, stress, smoking, obesity, physical activity, diet, genetics, temperature
- B. Age, stress, smoking, obesity, physical activity, diet, genetics, medications
- C. Age, stress, caffeine, obesity, physical activity, diet, genetics, medications
- D. Age, stress, smoking, obesity, sleep, diet, genetics, medications
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Factors affecting blood pressure include age, stress, smoking, obesity, physical activity, diet (e.g., salt intake), genetics, and medications, which influence vascular resistance and cardiac output.