Nokea
Because of the fluid shifts in the previous question, prolonged infusion of this type solution when it is not needed can result in which of the following?
- A. Cerebral cells swelling
- B. Increased intracranial pressure
- C. Dehydration of cells
- D. Edema
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Excess hypotonic fluid can cause cerebral swelling, increased intracranial pressure, and edema due to fluid overload in cells and interstitial spaces.
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Match each IV fluid with the appropriate term that accurately describes the solution's tonicity: Normosol R
- A. Isotonic
- B. Hypotonic
- C. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Normosol R is isotonic, designed to match plasma osmolarity.
How does an intermittent prn lock differ from a traditional IV site?
- A. The prn lock is used for continual infusion of IV fluids or medications.
- B. The patient with a prn lock must be stuck each time medication needs to be administered.
- C. The prn lock provides subcutaneous access rather than IV access.
- D. The prn lock allows for intermittent infusion of IV fluids or medications without requiring a continual infusion of fluids.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A prn lock (saline lock) allows intermittent access without continuous infusion, unlike traditional IVs that often run fluids continuously.
What is the term for removing air from the IV tubing?
- A. Flushing
- B. Priming
- C. Purging
- D. Venting
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Priming the IV tubing removes air to prevent air embolism during infusion.
Which of the following IV catheters with plastic cannulas are the smallest in diameter?
- A. 16 g
- B. 18 g
- C. 21 g
- D. 25 g
- E. 29 g
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Smaller gauge numbers indicate larger diameters; $29 \mathrm{~g}$ is the smallest diameter.
Match each IV fluid with the appropriate term that accurately describes the solution's tonicity: 1/2 NS
- A. Isotonic
- B. Hypotonic
- C. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 1/2 NS (0.45% NS) is hypotonic, promoting fluid shift into cells.