Nokea
Before peritoneal dialysis begins, the nurse correctly informs the client that the procedure involves the movement of urea and creatinine through the peritoneum by means the patient?
- A. Osmosis
- B. Diffusion
- C. Filtration
- D. Gravity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diffusion is the primary mechanism by which urea and creatinine move across the peritoneal membrane during dialysis.
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The elderly client recovering from a prostatectomy has been experiencing stress incontinence. Which independent nursing intervention should the nurse discuss with the client?
- A. Establish a set voiding frequency of every two (2) hours while awake.
- B. Encourage a family member to assist the client to the bathroom to void.
- C. Apply a transurethral electrical stimulator to relieve symptoms of urinary urgency.
- D. Discuss the use of a 'bladder drill,' including a timed voiding schedule.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A bladder drill with timed voiding strengthens bladder control and reduces stress incontinence post-prostatectomy. Voiding every 2 hours is part of it, family assistance reduces independence, and electrical stimulators are not standard.
If the client asks the nurse to outline the benefits of the cystoscopy procedure, which ones should the nurse list as possible? Select all that apply.
- A. Involves visual examination of the internal structure of the kidney
- B. Helps identify the sources of hematuria, incontinence, and urine retention
- C. Allows for collection of tissue samples, cell washings, and urine samples
- D. Requires no sedation because it is painless
- E. Allows the nurse to visualize the internal structure
- F. Requires no surgical incision because the scope is introduced into the urethra
Correct Answer: B,C,F
Rationale: Cystoscopy identifies causes of urinary symptoms, allows sample collection, and is minimally invasive via the urethra.
After the cystoscopy, which urinary symptom can the nurse expect the client to report?
- A. A sense of urgency
- B. No urinary output
- C. A strong urinary odor
- D. A large volume of urine output
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A sense of urgency is common after cystoscopy due to urethral irritation from the procedure.
The client diagnosed with cancer of the bladder states, 'I have young children. I am too young to die.' Which statement is the nurse’s best response?
- A. This cancer is treatable and you should not give up.'
- B. Cancer occurs at any age. It is just one of those things.'
- C. You are afraid of dying and what will happen to your children.'
- D. Have you talked to your children about your dying?'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reflecting the client’s fear of dying and concern for their children validates emotions and encourages dialogue. Reassurance, generalizing cancer, or prompting child discussions may dismiss the client’s feelings.
The nurse is discussing kidney transplants with clients at a dialysis center. Which population is less likely to participate in organ donation?
- A. Caucasian.
- B. African American.
- C. Asian.
- D. Hispanic.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: African Americans are statistically less likely to participate in organ donation due to cultural beliefs, mistrust in healthcare systems, and lower registration rates. Other groups have higher participation rates, though disparities exist across all populations.