Nokea
Before the period of the enlightenment, treatment of the mentally ill included
- A. Creating large institutions to provide custodial care.
- B. Focusing on religious education to improve their souls.
- C. Placing the mentally ill on display for the public's amusement.
- D. Providing a safe refuge or haven offering protection.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In 1775, visitors at St. Mary's of Bethlehem were charged a fee for viewing and ridiculing the mentally ill, who were seen as animals, less than human. Custodial care was not often provided, and primitive beliefs often led to harsh treatments like exorcisms or witch hunts.
You may also like to solve these questions
A student appears very nervous on the first day of clinical in a psychiatric setting. The student reviews the instructor's guidelines and appropriately takes which of the following actions?
- A. Tells the client about personal events and interests
- B. Discusses the anxious feelings with the instructor
- C. Assumes that the client's unwillingness to talk to a student nurse is a personal insult or failure
- D. Builds rapport with the patient before asking personal questions
- E. Consults the instructor if a shocking situation arises
- F. Gravitates to clients that the student may know personally
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Listening carefully, showing genuine interest, and caring about the client are extremely important rather than speaking about oneself. The student must deal with his or her own anxiety about approaching a stranger to talk about very sensitive and personal issues. Student nurses should not see the client's unwillingness to talkಸ�ದtalk to a student nurse as a personal insult or behavior. Being available and willing to listen are often all it takes to begin a significant interaction with someone. Questions involving personal matters should not be the first thing a student says to the client. These issues usually arise after some trust and rapport have been established. The nursing instructor and staff are always available to assist if the client is shocking or distressing to the student. If the student recognizes someone he or she knows, it is usually best for the student to talk with the client and reassure him or her about confidentiality.
The nurse consults the DSM for which of the following purposes?
- A. To devise a plan of care for a newly admitted client
- B. To predict the client's prognosis of treatment outcomes
- C. To document the appropriate diagnostic code in the client's medical record
- D. To serve as a guide for client assessment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The DSM provides standard nomenclature, presents defining characteristics, and identifies underlying causes of mental disorders. It does not provide care plans or prognostic outcomes of treatment. Diagnosis of mental illness is not within the generalist RN's scope of practice, so documenting the code in the medical record would be inappropriate.
The first training of nurses to work with persons with mental illness was in 1882 in which state?
- A. California
- B. Illinois
- C. Massachusetts
- D. New York
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first training for nurses to work with persons with mental illness was in 1882 at McLean Hospital in Belmont, Massachusetts.
A client grieving the recent loss of her husband asks if she is becoming mentally ill because she is so sad. The nurse's best response would be,
- A. You may have a temporary mental illness because you are experiencing so much pain.
- B. You are not mentally ill. This is an expected reaction to the loss you have experienced.
- C. Were you generally dissatisfied with your relationship before your husband's death?
- D. Try not to worry about that right now. You never know what the future brings.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mental illness includes general dissatisfaction with self, ineffective relationships, ineffective coping, and lack of personal growth. Additionally the behavior must not be culturally expected. Acute grief reactions are expected and therefore not considered mental illness. False reassurance or overanalysis does not accurately address the client's concerns.
The major problems with large state institutions are:
- A. Attendants were accused of abusing the residents.
- B. Stigma associated with residence in an insane asylum.
- C. Clients were geographically isolated from family and community.
- D. Increasing financial costs to individual residents.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Clients were often far removed from the local community, family, and friends because state institutions were usually in rural or remote settings. Stigma and financial costs were not identified as major problems.