Nokea
Which of the following is a standard of professional performance?
- A. Assessment
- B. Education
- C. Planning
- D. Implementation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Education is a standard of professional performance. Other standards of professional performance include the quality of practice, professional practice evaluation, collegiality, collaboration, ethics, research, resource utilization, and leadership. Assessment, planning, and implementation are components of the nursing process, not standards of professional performance.
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The major problems with large state institutions are:
- A. Attendants were accused of abusing the residents.
- B. Stigma associated with residence in an insane asylum.
- C. Clients were geographically isolated from family and community.
- D. Increasing financial costs to individual residents.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Clients were often far removed from the local community, family, and friends because state institutions were usually in rural or remote settings. Stigma and financial costs were not identified as major problems.
A new graduate nurse has accepted a staff position at an inpatient mental health facility. The graduate nurse can expect to be responsible for basic-level functions, including
- A. Providing clinical supervision.
- B. Using effective communication skills.
- C. Adjusting client medications
- D. Directing program development.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Basic-level functions include counseling, milieu therapy, self-care activities, psychobiologic interventions, health teaching, case management, and health promotion and maintenance. Advanced-level functions include psychotherapy, prescriptive authority for drugs, consultation and liaison, evaluation, program development and management, and clinical supervision.
Which of the following statements about mental illness are true?
- A. Mental illness can cause significant distress, impaired functioning, or both.
- B. Mental illness is only due to social/cultural factors.
- C. Social/cultural factors that relate to mental illness include excessive dependency on or withdrawal from relationships.
- D. Individuals suffering from mental illness are usually able to cope effectively with daily life.
- E. Individuals suffering from mental illness may experience dissatisfaction with relationships and self.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Mental illness can cause significant distress, impaired functioning, or both. Mental illness may be related to individual, interpersonal, or social/cultural factors. Excessive dependency on or withdrawal from relationships are interpersonal factors that relate to mental illness. Individuals suffering from mental illness can feel overwhelmed with daily life. Individuals suffering from mental illness may experience dissatisfaction with relationships and self.
The appropriate action for a student nurse who says the wrong thing is to
- A. Pretend that the student nurse did not say it.
- B. Restate it by saying, 'That didn't come out right. What I meant was...'
- C. State that it was a joke.
- D. Ignore the error, since no one is perfect.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: No one magic phrase can solve a client's problems, likewise, no single statement can significantly worsen them. Listening carefully, showing genuine interest, and caring about the client are extremely important. A nurse who possesses these elements but says something that sounds out of place can simply restate it by saying, 'That didn't come out right. What I meant was...' Pretending, joking, or ignoring the error are not likely to help the student nurse build and maintain credibility with the client.
Which would be a reason for a student nurse to use the DSM?
- A. Identifying the medical diagnosis
- B. Treat clients
- C. Evaluate treatments
- D. Understand the reason for the admission and the nature of psychiatric illnesses.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Although student nurses do not use the DSM to diagnose clients, they will find it a helpful resource to understand the reason for the admission and to begin building knowledge about the nature of psychiatric illnesses. Identifying the medical diagnosis, treating, and evaluating treatments are not a part of the nursing process.