Nokea
Which one of the following is a result of federal legislation?
- A. Making it easier to commit people for mental health treatment against their will.
- B. Making it more difficult to commit people for mental health treatment against their will.
- C. State mental institutions being the primary source of care for mentally ill persons.
- D. Improved care for mentally ill persons.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Commitment laws changed in the early 1970s, making it more difficult to commit people for mental health treatment against their will. Deinstitutionalization accomplished the release of individuals from long-term stays in state institutions. Deinstitutionalization also had negative effects in that some mentally ill persons are subjected to the revolving door effect, which may limit care for mentally ill persons.
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Which would be a reason for a student nurse to use the DSM?
- A. Identifying the medical diagnosis
- B. Treat clients
- C. Evaluate treatments
- D. Understand the reason for the admission and the nature of psychiatric illnesses.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Although student nurses do not use the DSM to diagnose clients, they will find it a helpful resource to understand the reason for the admission and to begin building knowledge about the nature of psychiatric illnesses. Identifying the medical diagnosis, treating, and evaluating treatments are not a part of the nursing process.
Which of the following are true regarding mental health and mental illness?
- A. Behavior that may be viewed as acceptable in one culture is always unacceptable in other cultures.
- B. It is easy to determine if a person is mentally healthy or mentally ill.
- C. In most cases, mental health is a state of emotional, psychological, and social wellness evidenced by satisfying interpersonal relationships, effective behavior and coping, positive self-concept, and emotional stability.
- D. Persons who engage in fantasies are mentally ill.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: What one society may view as acceptable and appropriate behavior, another society may see that as maladaptive, and inappropriate. Mental health and mental illness are difficult to define precisely. In most cases, mental health is a state of emotional, psychological, and social wellness evidenced by satisfying interpersonal relationships, effective behavior and coping, positive self-concept, and emotional stability. Persons who engage in fantasies may be mentally healthy, but the inability to distinguish reality from fantasy is an individual factor that may contribute to mental illness.
Which is a positive aspect of treating clients with mental illness in a community-based care?
- A. You will not be allowed to go out with your friends while in the program.
- B. You will have to have supervision when you want to go anywhere else in the community.
- C. You will be able to live in your own home while you still see a therapist regularly.
- D. You will have someone in your home at all times to ask questions if you have any concerns.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients can remain in their communities, maintain contact with family and friends, and enjoy personal freedom that is not possible in an institution. Full-time home care is not included in community-based programs.
The goal of the 1963 Community Mental Health Centers Act was to
- A. Ensure patients' rights for the mentally ill.
- B. Deinstitutionalize state hospitals.
- C. Provide funds to build hospitals with psychiatric units.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The 1963 Community Mental Health Centers Act initiated the movement toward treating those with mental illness in a less restrictive environment. This legislation resulted in the shift of clients with mental illness from large state institutions to care based in the community.
Which of the following is a standard of professional performance?
- A. Assessment
- B. Education
- C. Planning
- D. Implementation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Education is a standard of professional performance. Other standards of professional performance include the quality of practice, professional practice evaluation, collegiality, collaboration, ethics, research, resource utilization, and leadership. Assessment, planning, and implementation are components of the nursing process, not standards of professional performance.