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One of the unforeseen effects of the movement toward community mental health services is
- A. Fewer clients suffering from persistent mental illnesses.
- B. An increased number of hospital beds available for clients seeking treatment.
- C. An increased number of admissions to available hospital services.
- D. Longer hospital stays for people needing mental health services.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Although people with severe and persistent mental illness have shorter hospital stays, they are admitted to hospitals more frequently. Although deinstitutionalization reduced the number of public hospital beds by 80%, the number of admissions to those beds correspondingly increased by 90%.
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The goal of the 1963 Community Mental Health Centers Act was to
- A. Ensure patients' rights for the mentally ill.
- B. Deinstitutionalize state hospitals.
- C. Provide funds to build hospitals with psychiatric units.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The 1963 Community Mental Health Centers Act initiated the movement toward treating those with mental illness in a less restrictive environment. This legislation resulted in the shift of clients with mental illness from large state institutions to care based in the community.
Which is included in Healthy People 2020 objectives?
- A. To decrease the incidence of mental illness
- B. To increase the number of people who are identified, diagnosed, treated, and helped to live healthier lives
- C. To provide mental health services only in the community
- D. To decrease the numbers of people who are being treated for mental illness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: One of the Healthy People 2020 objectives is to increase the number of people who are identified, diagnosed, treated, and helped to live healthier lives. It may not be possible to decrease the incidence of mental illness or to provide services only in the community.
The creation of asylums during the 1800s was meant to
- A. Improve treatment of mental disorders.
- B. Provide food and shelter for the mentally ill.
- C. Punish people with mental illness who were believed to be possessed.
- D. Remove dangerous people with mental illness from the community.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The asylum was meant to be a safe haven with food, shelter, and humane treatment for the mentally ill.
Which is a positive aspect of treating clients with mental illness in a community-based care?
- A. You will not be allowed to go out with your friends while in the program.
- B. You will have to have supervision when you want to go anywhere else in the community.
- C. You will be able to live in your own home while you still see a therapist regularly.
- D. You will have someone in your home at all times to ask questions if you have any concerns.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients can remain in their communities, maintain contact with family and friends, and enjoy personal freedom that is not possible in an institution. Full-time home care is not included in community-based programs.
A client grieving the recent loss of her husband asks if she is becoming mentally ill because she is so sad. The nurse's best response would be,
- A. You may have a temporary mental illness because you are experiencing so much pain.
- B. You are not mentally ill. This is an expected reaction to the loss you have experienced.
- C. Were you generally dissatisfied with your relationship before your husband's death?
- D. Try not to worry about that right now. You never know what the future brings.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mental illness includes general dissatisfaction with self, ineffective relationships, ineffective coping, and lack of personal growth. Additionally the behavior must not be culturally expected. Acute grief reactions are expected and therefore not considered mental illness. False reassurance or overanalysis does not accurately address the client's concerns.