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Which of the following is defined as an advanced-level function in the practice area of psychiatric mental health nursing?
- A. Case management
- B. Counseling
- C. Evaluation
- D. Health teaching
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Advanced-level functions are psychotherapy, prescriptive authority, consultation and liaison, evaluation, and program development and management. Case management, counseling, and health teaching are basic-level functions in the practice area of psychiatric mental health nursing.
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Which would be a reason for a student nurse to use the DSM?
- A. Identifying the medical diagnosis
- B. Treat clients
- C. Evaluate treatments
- D. Understand the reason for the admission and the nature of psychiatric illnesses.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Although student nurses do not use the DSM to diagnose clients, they will find it a helpful resource to understand the reason for the admission and to begin building knowledge about the nature of psychiatric illnesses. Identifying the medical diagnosis, treating, and evaluating treatments are not a part of the nursing process.
Which of the following are true regarding mental health and mental illness?
- A. Behavior that may be viewed as acceptable in one culture is always unacceptable in other cultures.
- B. It is easy to determine if a person is mentally healthy or mentally ill.
- C. In most cases, mental health is a state of emotional, psychological, and social wellness evidenced by satisfying interpersonal relationships, effective behavior and coping, positive self-concept, and emotional stability.
- D. Persons who engage in fantasies are mentally ill.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: What one society may view as acceptable and appropriate behavior, another society may see that as maladaptive, and inappropriate. Mental health and mental illness are difficult to define precisely. In most cases, mental health is a state of emotional, psychological, and social wellness evidenced by satisfying interpersonal relationships, effective behavior and coping, positive self-concept, and emotional stability. Persons who engage in fantasies may be mentally healthy, but the inability to distinguish reality from fantasy is an individual factor that may contribute to mental illness.
A client grieving the recent loss of her husband asks if she is becoming mentally ill because she is so sad. The nurse's best response would be,
- A. You may have a temporary mental illness because you are experiencing so much pain.
- B. You are not mentally ill. This is an expected reaction to the loss you have experienced.
- C. Were you generally dissatisfied with your relationship before your husband's death?
- D. Try not to worry about that right now. You never know what the future brings.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mental illness includes general dissatisfaction with self, ineffective relationships, ineffective coping, and lack of personal growth. Additionally the behavior must not be culturally expected. Acute grief reactions are expected and therefore not considered mental illness. False reassurance or overanalysis does not accurately address the client's concerns.
A client diagnosed with a mild anxiety disorder has been referred to treatment in a community mental health center. Treatment most likely provided at the center includes
- A. Medical management of symptoms.
- B. Daily psychotherapy.
- C. Constant staff supervision.
- D. Psychological stabilization.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Community mental health centers focus on rehabilitation, vocational needs, education, and socialization, as well as on management of symptoms and medication. Daily therapies, constant supervision, and stabilization require a more acute care inpatient setting.
A significant change in the treatment of people with mental illness occurred in the 1950s when
- A. Community support services were established.
- B. Legislation dramatically changed civil commitment procedures.
- C. The Patient's Bill of Rights was enacted.
- D. Psychotropic drugs became available for use.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The development of psychotropic drugs, or drugs used to treat mental illness, began in the 1950s.