Nokea
Breastfeeding is usually contraindicated if the mother has
- A. a history of treated breast cancer
- B. human immunodeficiency virus
- C. latent tuberculosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: HIV can be transmitted through breast milk, so breastfeeding is contraindicated in HIV-positive mothers.
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Women may experience exacerbation of autoimmune disorders, such as lupus erythematosus, after labor and delivery because
- A. the woman's immune system is no longer suppressed
- B. the woman is in a weakened condition
- C. the woman is experiencing increased stress and anxiety
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Immune suppression lifts postpartum, potentially triggering autoimmune flares.
What is the primary function of the corpus luteum?
- A. Produce a mature ovum
- B. Produce progesterone and estrogen
- C. Stimulate initial growth of the endometrium
- D. Promote maturation of the next follicle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary function of the corpus luteum is to produce progesterone and estrogen. Progesterone supports the maintenance of the endometrium for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. Estrogen also plays a role in the menstrual cycle. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: The ovum is produced in the ovary, not the corpus luteum.
C: The endometrial growth is primarily influenced by estrogen and progesterone, not the corpus luteum.
D: The maturation of the next follicle is regulated by hormones like follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), not the corpus luteum.
A high blood concentration of estrogens:
- A. Stimulates endometrial glands to secrete
- B. Stimulates epithelial cells of the endometrium to proliferate
- C. Stimulates FSH secretion by the anterior pituitary
- D. Causes development of the corpus luteum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High levels of estrogen stimulate the proliferation of epithelial cells in the endometrium.
The hormone that causes the follicle to rupture and the egg to be expelled is:
- A. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
- B. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- C. Estrogen
- D. Progesterone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: LH triggers ovulation, causing the follicle to rupture and release the egg.
Which patient is most likely to develop osteoporosis?
- A. A 50-year-old patient on estrogen therapy
- B. A 55-year-old patient with a sedentary lifestyle
- C. A 65-year-old patient who walks 2 miles each day
- D. A 60-year-old patient who takes supplemental calcium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Osteoporosis is more common in individuals with sedentary lifestyles due to decreased bone density from lack of weight-bearing exercise. Choice A on estrogen therapy may have lower risk. Choice C, who exercises, has a reduced risk. Choice D with calcium intake may help prevent osteoporosis but not as effective as weight-bearing exercise.