Nokea
Necrotizing enterocolitis in a preterm infant is usually caused by
- A. ischemic bowel
- B. severe constipation
- C. generalized infection
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ischemia compromises intestinal integrity, predisposing to necrotizing enterocolitis.
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In the immediate postpartal period, a woman's gastric motility is generally
- A. within normal limits
- B. increased
- C. decreased
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gastric motility decreases postpartum, affecting digestion and absorption.
Why might salpingitis cause infertility?
- A. The ovaries will not produce an ovum.
- B. It can cause obstruction of the lumen and marked dilation at the end of the uterine tube, preventing the ovum from entering the uterine tube.
- C. The uterus is prevented from forming a protective sac for the ovum.
- D. It causes a decrease in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which is needed to release the ovum from the ovaries.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Salpingitis can cause obstruction of the uterine tube, preventing the ovum from entering and leading to infertility.
A woman who is charting her basal temperature during her cycle notes a sudden increase of 0.6°F in her waking temperature on the 15th day of her menstrual cycle. Which hormone is the cause of this finding?
- A. FSH
- B. Progesterone
- C. Estrogen
- D. Prostaglandin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Progesterone. On the 15th day of the menstrual cycle, the woman would have ovulated, leading to the release of the egg and the formation of the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum produces progesterone, which causes an increase in basal body temperature. FSH (A) is responsible for stimulating the growth of ovarian follicles, not the temperature increase. Estrogen (C) levels peak before ovulation but do not cause the post-ovulation temperature rise. Prostaglandin (D) is involved in various physiological processes but not directly related to the basal temperature increase post-ovulation.
The inner part of the intervertebral disc is called the:
- A. Nucleus fibrosus
- B. Annulus fibrosus
- C. Nucleus pulposus
- D. Annulus pulposus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Nucleus pulposus. The nucleus pulposus is the inner gel-like core of the intervertebral disc that provides cushioning and flexibility. It consists of water, proteoglycans, and cells. The annulus fibrosus (choice B) is the outer ring of tough fibrous tissue surrounding the nucleus pulposus. Nucleus fibrosus (choice A) and Annulus pulposus (choice D) are not anatomically correct terms and do not describe the inner part of the intervertebral disc.
The neonate usually passes meconium within
- A. 6 to 8 hours
- B. 8 to 24 hours
- C. 48 to 72 hours
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Most neonates pass meconium within the first 24 hours of life.