Nokea
Brendan has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, causing a constant state of respiratory acidosis. He has a history of chronic trimethoprim and NSAID use, leading to hyperkalemia. Which of the following are associated with hyperkalemia?
- A. Irritability,circumoral paresthesia muscle spasms tetany abdominal pain laryngospasm and prolonged QT intervals.
- B. Muscle cramps malaise diminished deep tendon reflexes anorexia constipation palpitations and rhabdomyolysis.
- C. Cardiac arrhythmia nausea vomiting constipation dehydration kidney stones muscle weakness and sinus arrest.
- D. Weakness dizziness abdominal distention nausea vomiting diarrhea palpitations and cardiac arrhythmias.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is Cardiac arrhythmia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dehydration, kidney stones, muscle weakness, and sinus arrest (C). Hyperkalemia affects cardiac function, leading to arrhythmias and potentially life-threatening conditions like sinus arrest. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and constipation are also common.
You may also like to solve these questions
What question should a nurse ask a client who has an anteroposterior (AP) chest diameter equal to the lateral chest diameter?
- A. Are you taking any medications or herbal supplements?
- B. Do you have any chronic breathing problems?
- C. How often do you perform aerobic exercise?
- D. What is your occupation and what are your hobbies?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Do you have any chronic breathing problems? This question is relevant because equal AP and lateral chest diameters can indicate a barrel chest, which is often associated with chronic breathing problems like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Chronic breathing problems can lead to this specific chest shape due to increased lung volume. Choice A is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the physical assessment findings. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on exercise habits rather than the client's current health status. Choice D is incorrect as it does not address the potential underlying health issue indicated by the chest measurements.
When caring for a client with Alzheimer's disease, what is the most appropriate communication technique for a nurse to use?
- A. Providing detailed explanations
- B. Speaking in a loud and clear voice
- C. Using simple and direct statements
- D. Offering multiple choices to the client
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate communication technique for a client with Alzheimer's disease is using simple and direct statements (Choice C). This approach is effective because it helps reduce confusion and enhances understanding for individuals with cognitive impairment. Complex explanations (Choice A) may overwhelm the client. Speaking loudly (Choice B) can be perceived as aggressive or intimidating. Offering multiple choices (Choice D) may lead to decision-making difficulties. Therefore, Choice C is the best option for clear and effective communication with Alzheimer's clients.
Why is caution needed when asking family members to interpret?
- A. Family members may misinterpret or omit critical information.
- B. It saves time and resources.
- C. It promotes family involvement.
- D. It ensures confidentiality.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Family members may unintentionally alter messages, leading to potential misunderstandings or errors in care.
What is the term used for assessment data that the patient tells you about?
- A. Focused
- B. Objective
- C. Subjective
- D. Comprehensive
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Subjective.' Subjective data includes patient-reported symptoms, feelings, and experiences.
A nurse assesses a client who has a history of heart failure. Which question should the nurse ask to assess the extent of the client's heart failure?
- A. Do you have trouble breathing or chest pain?
- B. Are you able to walk upstairs without fatigue?
- C. Do you awake with breathlessness during the night?
- D. Do you have new-onset heaviness in your legs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because assessing the client's ability to walk upstairs without fatigue helps determine the extent of heart failure. This question assesses the client's functional capacity and exercise tolerance, which are key indicators of heart failure severity. If the client experiences fatigue while walking upstairs, it indicates decreased cardiac output and potential heart failure progression. Other choices are incorrect as they focus on symptoms (A), nocturnal dyspnea (C), and peripheral edema (D), which may be present in heart failure but do not directly assess the extent of heart failure like exercise tolerance does.