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What is your most appropriate response to Mr. Brown suspecting tuberculosis?
- A. Unless you have symptoms you could not have tuberculosis
- B. Have you ever had a skin test for tuberculosis?
- C. A routine chest x-ray will determine if you have tuberculosis
- D. Your neighbor could not infect you if he has been following his treatment regimen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A tuberculin skin test detects latent TB infection, even without symptoms.
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Mary tells you that she has an undiagnosed case of hypothyroidism. What symptoms would you expect her to present?
- A. Polydipsia and polyphagia.
- B. Fatigue and cold intolerance.
- C. Weight loss and hyperglycemia.
- D. Tachycardia and diarrhea.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypothyroidism causes fatigue, cold intolerance, and other symptoms of low metabolism.
In doing a nutritional assessment for Mrs. Collins who wants to lose weight, what should the nurse initially do?
- A. Ask her to describe her actual food intake and behaviors influencing eating
- B. Determine who does the cooking and shopping
- C. Determine what she knows about the basic four food groups
- D. Determine biochemical data such as urinalysis and blood chemistries
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Understanding the patient's current eating habits and behaviors is crucial for tailoring an effective weight loss plan.
A patient with a second-degree burn has a greater risk for
- A. Constipation.
- B. Infection.
- C. Hypotension.
- D. Hyperglycemia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Burns disrupt skin integrity, increasing infection risk.
When caring for a client with acute pancreatitis, what intervention is most appropriate?
- A. Encourage a high-protein diet.
- B. Administer pain medication as needed.
- C. Provide small, frequent meals.
- D. Increase oral fluid intake.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer pain medication as needed. In acute pancreatitis, pain management is crucial to provide comfort and improve outcomes. Pain medication helps alleviate the severe abdominal pain associated with pancreatitis. It is essential to treat pain promptly to prevent complications and improve the client's quality of life. Encouraging a high-protein diet (A) is not recommended as it may exacerbate pancreatitis symptoms. Providing small, frequent meals (C) may help reduce the workload on the pancreas, but pain management takes precedence. Increasing oral fluid intake (D) is important for hydration but does not address the primary concern of pain relief in acute pancreatitis.
A healthcare professional is assessing a client who is recovering from a lung biopsy. Which assessment finding requires immediate action?
- A. Increased temperature
- B. Absent breath sounds
- C. Productive cough
- D. Incisional discomfort
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Absent breath sounds. This finding requires immediate action because it could indicate a pneumothorax, which is a potentially life-threatening complication following a lung biopsy. Absent breath sounds suggest air trapped in the pleural space, leading to lung collapse. Immediate intervention is necessary to prevent respiratory distress.
A: Increased temperature is concerning but may indicate infection, which would require monitoring and possibly treatment, but it is not as urgent as addressing a potential pneumothorax.
C: Productive cough is common post-lung biopsy and may be managed symptomatically. It does not typically require immediate action.
D: Incisional discomfort is expected after a biopsy and can be managed with pain medication. It does not indicate a critical issue requiring immediate intervention.