Cereal protein are deficient in,
- A. Methionine
- B. Lysine
- C. Typtophan
- D. Leucin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cereal proteins are typically deficient in lysine, an essential amino acid.
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Contrast the changes in death rates due to cancer, heart disease, and cerebrovascular diseases.
- A. Heart disease and cancer rates increased initially but stabilized or declined, while cerebrovascular diseases declined steadily.
- B. All three diseases showed consistent declines.
- C. Cancer rates increased, while heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases decreased.
- D. Heart disease rates increased, while cancer and cerebrovascular diseases decreased.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Heart disease and cancer initially rose but later stabilized or declined, while cerebrovascular diseases showed steady declines due to improved treatments and risk factor management.
A follow-up study was conducted of 3,000 military troops deployed at an atomic test site in Nevada to detect the occurrence of leukemia. A total of 1,870 persons were successfully traced by the investigators, and an additional 443 contacted the investigators on their own as a result of publicity about the study. Four cases of leukemia occurred among the 1,870 individuals traced by the investigators, and an additional four occurred among those individuals who contacted the investigators on their own. Could interpretation of the study results be subject to bias?
- A. Yes, due to differential participation rates between the traced group and self-referrals.
- B. No, because the number of leukemia cases is evenly distributed.
- C. Yes, but only if the traced group had higher radiation exposure.
- D. No, because the study design accounts for all possible biases.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Differential participation can lead to selection bias, especially if the characteristics of those who self-refer differ systematically from those traced by investigators.
An abstract of the journal article doesn't contain
- A. Methodologies
- B. Result
- C. Objectives
- D. Ethical consideration
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Abstracts typically summarize the key points of an article, including objectives, methods, results, and conclusions, but do not delve into ethical considerations.
The dose of toxin that is lethal to half of the population is known as..
- A. LD50
- B. L50
- C. D50
- D. LD
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: LD50 refers to the lethal dose required to kill 50% of a population, commonly used in toxicology studies.
Identify the type of study design described: A random sample of middle-aged sedentary women was selected from four census tracts, and each subject was examined for evidence of osteoporosis. Those found to have the disease were excluded. All others were randomly assigned to either an exercise group, which followed a two-year program of systematic exercise, or a control group, which had no exercise program. Both groups were observed semiannually for incidence of osteoporosis.
- A. Cohort study
- B. Case-control study
- C. Randomized controlled trial
- D. Ecological study
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This is a randomized controlled trial evaluating preventive measures.