Nokea
Chromosome analysis is a diagnostic test that should be offered to which couple?
- A. Never conceived.
- B. Has long-standing infertility.
- C. Has had repeated pregnancy losses.
- D. Has a normal child but has not conceived again.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because chromosome analysis is recommended for couples who have experienced repeated pregnancy losses to identify any genetic abnormalities that may be causing the miscarriages. This test can help determine if there are chromosomal issues that could be addressed in future pregnancies. Choices A, B, and D do not necessarily warrant chromosome analysis as they do not directly relate to the potential genetic causes of pregnancy losses.
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What is the significance of timing in intrauterine insemination (IUI)?
- A. IUI is effective regardless of ovulation timing.
- B. IUI must be timed closely with ovulation for optimal success.
- C. IUI should only be done after the implantation window opens.
- D. Timing is irrelevant as long as sperm quality is high.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because timing is crucial in IUI to increase the chance of fertilization. Intrauterine insemination must be done close to ovulation to ensure that the sperm meets the egg for successful conception. Timing is essential to maximize the chances of successful fertilization.
Choice A is incorrect because timing is indeed important for the success of IUI. Choice C is incorrect because the implantation window is not related to the timing of IUI. Choice D is incorrect because high sperm quality alone is not sufficient for successful IUI; timing is a critical factor in achieving pregnancy through IUI.
Which lifestyle change should the nurse suggest to improve fertility for both partners?
- A. Increase protein intake significantly.
- B. Exercise rigorously every day.
- C. Maintain a balanced diet and healthy weight.
- D. Reduce water consumption to avoid bloating.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Maintain a balanced diet and healthy weight. This suggestion is crucial for improving fertility as it promotes overall health, hormonal balance, and reproductive function in both partners. A balanced diet provides essential nutrients for reproductive health, while maintaining a healthy weight reduces the risk of infertility related to obesity or underweight. Option A is incorrect as excessive protein intake can negatively impact fertility. Option B is incorrect as excessive rigorous exercise may disrupt hormonal balance and affect fertility. Option D is incorrect as proper hydration is essential for reproductive health and reducing water consumption is not recommended for fertility improvement.
What is the purpose of performing a hysterosalpingogram (HSG) during fertility evaluation?
- A. To determine ovarian reserve and egg quality.
- B. To visualize the fallopian tubes and check for blockages.
- C. To assess hormone levels during the menstrual cycle.
- D. To evaluate the sperm motility in the uterine cavity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Performing a hysterosalpingogram (HSG) during fertility evaluation helps visualize the fallopian tubes and check for blockages. This is crucial as blocked fallopian tubes can prevent eggs from meeting sperm, leading to infertility. By injecting contrast dye into the uterus and taking X-ray images, doctors can assess tubal patency. This procedure is not aimed at determining ovarian reserve or egg quality (option A), assessing hormone levels (option C), or evaluating sperm motility in the uterine cavity (option D), as these factors are assessed through different tests and procedures.
A patient asks about the effects of smoking on male fertility. What should the nurse include in the response?
- A. Smoking increases testosterone levels, improving fertility.
- B. Smoking affects sperm count, motility, and morphology.
- C. Smoking has no significant impact on male reproductive health.
- D. Smoking only affects fertility when combined with alcohol use.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because smoking has been proven to negatively impact male fertility by reducing sperm count, motility, and morphology. Nicotine and other harmful chemicals in cigarettes can damage sperm DNA and affect reproductive health. Choice A is incorrect as smoking actually decreases testosterone levels. Choice C is incorrect as smoking does have a significant impact on male reproductive health. Choice D is incorrect because smoking alone can still affect male fertility without the need for alcohol use.
A woman is seeking genetic counseling during her pregnancy. She has a strong family history of diabetes mellitus. She wishes to have an amniocentesis to determine whether she is carrying a baby who will 'develop diabetes.' Which of the following replies would be most appropriate for the nurse to make?
- A. Doctors don't do amniocenteses to detect diabetes.
- B. Diabetes cannot be diagnosed by looking at the genes.
- C. Although diabetes does have a genetic component
- D. diet and exercise also determine whether or not someone is diabetic.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diabetes involves genetic and environmental factors.