Nokea
Closure of ductus will worsen following conditions
- A. Coarctation of Aorta
- B. TGA without VSD
- C. Pulmonary Atresia
- D. Hypoplastic left heart
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Closure of the ductus arteriosus worsens pulmonary atresia by cutting off pulmonary blood flow.
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Regarding hypogonadotropic hypogonadism:
- A. Kallman syndrome is an example
- B. It is caused by testicular atrophy secondary to trauma
- C. LHRH testing is used to distinguish it from other forms of hypogonadism
- D. It is treated with buserelin sprays
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Kallman syndrome is a classic example of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, characterized by delayed puberty and anosmia.
Left axis deviation of the QRS complex is associated with all the following except
- A. Inflow ventricular septal defect
- B. Pulmonary atresia with intact interventricular septum
- C. Double outlet right ventricle with subaortic ventricular septal defect
- D. Noonan syndrome with pulmonary stenosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Left axis deviation is not typically associated with inflow ventricular septal defect.
Recognised features in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome include:
- A. Mutation in fibrillin gene
- B. Short stature
- C. Keratoconus
- D. Easy scarring
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Easy scarring: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is characterized by hyperelastic skin and joint hypermobility, with easy scarring and tissue fragility being common features.
Recognised features of constrictive pericarditis are:
- A. Increased fatiguability
- B. Precordial pain
- C. Abdominal distension
- D. Parasternal heave
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abdominal distension is a recognized feature of constrictive pericarditis due to impaired venous return and hepatic congestion.
The formula to predict the maximum predicted heart rate for Treadmill exercise testing in CAD patients on beta blockers is X - (0.7 X Age). The value of X is
- A. 174
- B. 164
- C. 184
- D. 154
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The value of X is 164 in the formula for predicting maximum heart rate in CAD patients on beta blockers.