Nokea
Cloxacillin is indicated in infections caused by the following organism(s) * a Staphylococci
- A. Streptococci
- B. Gonococci
- C. All of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Cloxacillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic effective against Staphylococci.
2. Streptococci are not within the spectrum of activity for Cloxacillin.
3. Gonococci are also not susceptible to Cloxacillin.
4. Therefore, the correct answer is A (Streptococci), as Cloxacillin is indicated only for Staphylococcal infections.
Summary:
Choice A is correct because Cloxacillin is effective against Staphylococci. Choices B and C are incorrect because Cloxacillin is not indicated for Gonococci or all of the organisms mentioned.
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Thirty percent of patients with kidney cancer have metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Why does this occur?
- A. The only treatment modalities for the disease are palliative.
- B. Diagnostic tests are not available to detect tumors before they metastasize.
- C. Classic symptoms of hematuria and palpable mass do not occur until the disease is advanced.
- D. Early metastasis to the brain impairs the patient’s ability to recognize the seriousness of symptoms.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because early metastasis to the brain can impair the patient's ability to recognize the seriousness of symptoms. This can delay diagnosis and treatment, leading to a higher percentage of patients having metastasis at the time of diagnosis.
A is incorrect because there are treatment modalities for kidney cancer beyond palliative care. B is incorrect as diagnostic tests like imaging studies can detect tumors before they metastasize. C is incorrect because while classic symptoms may not always be present, other symptoms and diagnostic tests can still lead to an earlier diagnosis.
Patients with bladder cancer typically exhibit symptoms of:
- A. Weight loss and low back pain.
- B. Fatigue and anemia.
- C. Hematuria and change in urinary pattern.
- D. Difficulty initiating urinary stream and nocturia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because hematuria (blood in urine) and change in urinary pattern are classic symptoms of bladder cancer. Hematuria is the most common presenting symptom. Weight loss and low back pain (choice A) are more indicative of advanced stages of cancer. Fatigue and anemia (choice B) are nonspecific symptoms. Difficulty initiating urinary stream and nocturia (choice D) may be seen in other conditions but are not specific to bladder cancer.
The nurse is performing a genital examination on a male patient and notices urethral drainage. When collecting urethral discharge for microscopic examination and culture, the nurse should:
- A. Ask the patient to urinate into a sterile cup.
- B. Ask the patient to obtain a specimen of semen.
- C. Insert a cotton-tipped applicator into the urethra.
- D. Compress the glans between the examiner’s thumb and forefinger, and collect any discharge.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because gently compressing the glans between the thumb and forefinger can help express the urethral discharge for collection. This method minimizes contamination and ensures a proper sample for microscopic examination and culture.
A: Asking the patient to urinate into a cup would not capture the discharge.
B: Semen is not relevant for urethral discharge testing.
C: Inserting a cotton-tipped applicator into the urethra may cause trauma and is not recommended for collecting urethral discharge.
A nurse on a busy medical unit provides care for changes in diet many patients who require indwelling urinary catheters at
- A. Assessing for recent contact with individuals who some point during their hospital car
- B. The nurse should have UTIs recognize a heightened risk of injury associated with
- C. Assessing for changes in the patients level of indwelling catheter use in which patient?
- D. A patient whose diagnosis of chronic kidney disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it addresses the importance of assessing for changes in the patient's level of indwelling catheter use. Monitoring catheter use is crucial to prevent complications such as infections and blockages. Assessing for changes can help identify any issues early on and ensure appropriate management.
Choice A is incorrect because recent contact history is not directly related to managing indwelling catheters. Choice B is incorrect as it talks about UTI risks but does not address the specific aspect of monitoring catheter use. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses on chronic kidney disease, which is not directly related to managing indwelling catheters.
When performing the bimanual examination, the nurse notices that the cervix feels smooth and firm, is round, and is fixed in place (does not move). When cervical palpation is performed, the patient complains of some pain. The nurse's interpretation of these results should be which of these?
- A. These findings are all within normal limits.
- B. Cervical consistency should be soft and velvety, not firm.
- C. The cervix should move when palpated; an immobile cervix may indicate malignancy.
- D. Pain may occur during palpation of the cervix.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (C):
1. The cervix is normally mobile and should move when palpated. A fixed cervix may indicate malignancy.
2. Pain during cervical palpation can be a sign of inflammation, infection, or other abnormalities.
3. Smooth and firm cervix, along with pain, raise suspicion of an underlying issue.
4. Therefore, the nurse should interpret these findings as potentially concerning and further assessment is needed.
Summary:
Choice A is incorrect because the findings are not within normal limits. Choice B is incorrect as the cervix should not be firm. Choice D is incorrect as pain during palpation is significant and should not be dismissed.