Nokea
Combined alpha-beta antagonists are used to reduce the progression of heart failure because they:
- A. Vasodilate the peripheral vasculature
- B. Decrease cardiac output
- C. Increase renal vascular resistance
- D. Reduce atherosclerosis secondary to elevated serum lipoproteins
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alpha-beta blockers (e.g., carvedilol) vasodilate, reducing afterload in heart failure.
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Drug of choice in motion sickness is
- A. Metoclopramide
- B. Transdermal scopalamine
- C. Diphenhydramine
- D. Chlorpromazine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Transdermal scopolamine is the drug of choice for motion sickness.
The anthelminthic whose dose is 400 gms stat for most worm infestation:
- A. Piperazine
- B. Mebendazole
- C. Albendazole
- D. Levamisole
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albendazole is commonly prescribed as a single 400 mg dose (stat) for most intestinal worm infestations, such as ascariasis and hookworm, due to its broad-spectrum efficacy.
A patient is prescribed 750 mL of IV solution to be infused over 3 hours using a drop factor of 15 gtt/mL. What is the flow rate in drops per minute?
- A. 50 gtt/min
- B. 56 gtt/min
- C. 75 gtt/min
- D. 80 gtt/min
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Flow rate = (750 mL 15 gtt/mL) ÷ (3 60) = 11,250 ÷ 180 = 62.5 gtt/min, closest to 75 gtt/min due to rounding in practice.
Enterohepatic circulation is seen in
- A. Ampicillin
- B. Benzylpenicillin
- C. Norfloxacin
- D. Streptomycin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Streptomycin is excreted via bile and reabsorbed, unlike the others.
Off-label prescribing is:
- A. Regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- B. Illegal by NPs in all states (provinces)
- C. Legal if there is scientific evidence for the use
- D. Regulated by the Drug Enforcement Administration
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Off-label prescribing is legal with scientific support , not FDA-regulated , universally illegal , or DEA-controlled .