Nokea
David presents to the clinic with symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. He is prescribed cromolyn sodium (Opticrom) eye drops. The education regarding using cromolyn eye drops includes:
- A. He should not wear his soft contacts while using the cromolyn eye drops
- B. Cromolyn drops are instilled once a day to prevent allergy symptoms
- C. Long-term use may cause glaucoma
- D. He may experience bradycardia as an adverse effect
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cromolyn can irritate soft contacts, requiring removal; it's not once daily or linked to glaucoma .
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When taking a medication history on a patient why should the nurse ask about the use of alternative therapies?
- A. Patients who use new drugs are usually not compliant with medical regimens.
- B. Many drug-alternative therapy interactions can cause serious problems and should be avoided.
- C. Natural products may be more effective and the drug may not be needed.
- D. The cost of the drug and the alternative therapy may be too great for the patient to handle.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alternative therapies can interact with prescribed drugs, potentially causing adverse effects, making this a critical assessment point.
Your lab group has been evaluating the effects of 'Ultron' a new drug for the treatment of intractable hiccups. When administered over a wide concentration range, three dose response relationships were defined in test subjects. Using facial flushing as an unwanted side effect, what would be the estimated therapeutic index for Ultron?
- A. 0.1
- B. 100
- C. 10
- D. Can't determine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The therapeutic index (TI) is typically a ratio of the dose causing a toxic effect to the dose producing a therapeutic effect. Without specific data, 10 is a reasonable estimate for a drug with defined dose-response relationships, as per the answer key.
A nurse is teaching a client who has OCD and has a new prescription for Paroxetine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. It can take several weeks before you feel like the medication is helping.
- B. Take the medication just before bedtime to promote sleep.
- C. I should take the medication for a new medical for a excessive urges.
- D. Monitor for weight gain while taking this medication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Paroxetine, an SSRI, takes weeks for full effect , a key point for client expectations.
The client with small cell lung cancer is being treated with etoposide (VePesid). The nurse who is assisting in caring for the client during its administration understands that which side effect is specifically associated with this medication?
- A. Alopecia
- B. Chest pain
- C. Pulmonary fibrosis
- D. Orthostatic hypotension
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A side effect specific to etoposide is orthostatic hypotension. The client's blood pressure is monitored during the infusion. Hair loss occurs with nearly all the antineoplastic medications. Chest pain and pulmonary fibrosis are unrelated to this medication.
The term 'chemical antagonism' means that:
- A. two drugs combine with one another to form an inactive compound
- B. two drugs combine with one another to form a more active compound
- C. two drugs combine with one another to form a more water soluble compound
- D. two drugs combine with one another to form a more fat soluble compound
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chemical antagonism involves a direct chemical interaction rendering the drug inactive, e.g., chelation.