Nokea
Drug of choice in motion sickness is
- A. Metoclopramide
- B. Transdermal scopalamine
- C. Diphenhydramine
- D. Chlorpromazine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Transdermal scopolamine is the drug of choice for motion sickness.
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Beta-blockers - aside from their cardiovascular indications - are also used in the treatment of which condition?
- A. Gout
- B. Glaucoma
- C. Reynaud's phenomenon
- D. Asthma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers (e.g., timolol) are used in glaucoma to reduce intraocular pressure.
A 44-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus presents to her primary care physician for follow-up. She is currently being managed with an oral glucocorticoid agent. The most likely mechanism of action of this medication involves which of the following?
- A. Inhibition of erythrocytes
- B. Inhibition of macrophages
- C. Stimulation of cyclooxygenase 2 synthesis
- D. Stimulation of phospholipase A2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucocorticoids inhibit macrophages and other immune cells, reducing inflammation in conditions like lupus.
The factors contributing to the unequal distribution of drugs are all except:
- A. Heterogenesity of the drug
- B. Binding to plasma proteins
- C. Cellular binding
- D. Concentration in body fat
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Unequal distribution is due to physiological factors like plasma protein binding, cellular binding, fat concentration, and barriers (e.g., blood-brain barrier), not drug heterogeneity.
When taking a medication history on a patient why should the nurse ask about the use of alternative therapies?
- A. Patients who use new drugs are usually not compliant with medical regimens.
- B. Many drug-alternative therapy interactions can cause serious problems and should be avoided.
- C. Natural products may be more effective and the drug may not be needed.
- D. The cost of the drug and the alternative therapy may be too great for the patient to handle.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alternative therapies can interact with prescribed drugs, potentially causing adverse effects, making this a critical assessment point.
Which of the following drugs should be avoided in a pregnant woman because of a risk of harming the fetus?
- A. Pravastatin
- B. Cholestyramine
- C. Gemfibrozil
- D. Niacin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Statins like pravastatin are contraindicated in pregnancy due to potential teratogenic effects.