Pediatric CCRN Practice Questions

Pediatric CCRN Practice Questions Related

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Compartment syndrome is a potential complication of elbow fractures that decreases circulation to local neuromuscular structures. The nurse monitors circulation on a casted elbow because irreversible damage can develop if compartment syndrome lasts for more than:

  • A. 48 hours
  • B. 2 hours
  • C. 12 hours
  • D. 24 hours
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Compartment syndrome is a serious condition that results from increased pressure within a closed anatomical space (compartment), leading to decreased circulation to local neuromuscular structures. In the case of a casted elbow, if compartment syndrome is left untreated and persists for more than 24 hours, irreversible damage can occur. This is due to the compromised blood flow causing tissue ischemia, which can lead to permanent nerve and muscle damage. Therefore, it is crucial for healthcare providers to monitor for signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome and intervene promptly to prevent long-term complications.

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Burns are commonly seen in child abuse. Approximately 10% of children hospitalized with burns are victims of abuse. Of the following, inflicted burn can be MOST commonly the result of

  • A. contact with hot iron
  • B. contact with radiators
  • C. cigarette application
  • D. scalding injuries
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Scalding injuries, often caused by hot liquids, are the most common type of inflicted burns in child abuse due to their accessibility and ease of use.

Clinical manifestations of failure to thrive caused by behavioral problems resulting in inadequate intake of calories include:

  • A. avoidance of eye contact.
  • B. an associated malabsorption defect.
  • C. weight that falls below the 15th percentile.
  • D. normal achievement of developmental landmarks.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Clinical manifestations of failure to thrive caused by behavioral problems resulting in inadequate intake of calories may include weight that falls below the 15th percentile on growth charts. Weight falling below the 15th percentile may indicate poor nutrition intake leading to inadequate growth and development. Other signs such as avoidance of eye contact, an associated malabsorption defect, and normal achievement of developmental landmarks may not be specific indicators of failure to thrive due to behavioral problems with inadequate calorie intake.

A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a 5-year-old child with symptoms of pneumonia and a fever of 102° F. Which intervention can the nurse implement to promote a sense of control for the child?

  • A. None; this is an emergency and the child should not participate in care.
  • B. Allow the child to hold the digital thermometer while taking the child's blood pressure.
  • C. Ask the child if it is OK to take a temperature in the ear.
  • D. Have parents wait in the waiting room.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Involving the child in decision-making and asking for their permission before performing a procedure promotes a sense of control and autonomy. By asking the child if it is OK to take the temperature in the ear, the nurse respects the child's preferences and helps them feel more empowered in the situation. This fosters a positive therapeutic relationship and can help reduce the child's anxiety during the medical assessment.

The nurse is assigned to a client with polymyositis. Which expected outcome in the plan of care relates to a potential problem associated with polymyositis?

  • A. "Client will lose 2lb per week on a calorie-restricted diet."
  • B. "Client will exhibit no signs or symptoms of aspiration."
  • C. "Client will exhibit bowel and bladder continence."
  • D. "Client will exhibit alertness and orientation to person, place, and time."
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Polymyositis is a condition that involves inflammation of the muscles, including the muscles involved in swallowing (dysphagia) and breathing. This can lead to a higher risk of aspiration, where food or fluids go into the airway instead of the esophagus. Therefore, monitoring for signs and symptoms of aspiration and ensuring the client exhibits no signs of aspiration are crucial in the care of a client with polymyositis. The other options are not directly related to the potential problems associated with polymyositis and are more general aspects of nursing care.

Although most relapses in children with Wilms tumor occur early (within 2 yr of diagnosis) and have a favorable outcome, about 15% suffer relapse. Relapse includes all the following EXCEPT

  • A. low stage (I/II) at diagnosis
  • B. no prior radiotherapy
  • C. anaplastic histology
  • D. more than 12 mo from nephrectomy
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Anaplastic histology is associated with a poorer prognosis and is not typically associated with favorable relapse outcomes.

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