Nokea
Complement C3 levels are decreased in:
- A. Systemic lupus erythematoses
- B. Henoch-Schoenlein purpura
- C. Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
- D. Type II membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Decreased C3 levels are characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus due to immune complex deposition and complement consumption.
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A 2-year-old child should be able to:
- A. Name three colours correctly
- B. Use plurals
- C. Build a tower of five blocks
- D. Kick a ball on request
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 2-year-old can typically build a tower of five blocks. Naming colors and using plurals are more advanced skills, and kicking a ball is variable.
Deafness can develop due to:
- A. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in the newborn
- B. Pneumococcal meningitis
- C. Alport syndrome
- D. Cleft palate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pneumococcal meningitis is a known cause of sensorineural hearing loss due to inflammation and damage to the cochlea.
Clinical manifestations of haemophilia include:
- A. Bleeding following neonatal intramuscular injection
- B. Intracranial bleeding
- C. Gingival bleeding
- D. Menorrhagia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intracranial bleeding is a serious and potentially life-threatening manifestation of hemophilia, particularly in severe cases.
Which should the nurse consider when preparing a school-age child and the family for heart surgery?
- A. Unfamiliar equipment should not be shown.
- B. Let the child hear the sounds of an ECG monitor.
- C. Avoid mentioning postoperative discomfort and interventions.
- D. Explain that an endotracheal tube will not be needed if the surgery goes well.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The child and family should be exposed to the sights and sounds of the intensive care unit (ICU). All positive, nonfrightening aspects of the environment are emphasized. The child should be shown unfamiliar equipment and its use demonstrated on a doll. Carefully prepare the child for the postoperative experience, including intravenous (IV) lines, incision, and endotracheal tube.
A nurse assesses a client 2 hours after a cardiac angiography via the left femoral artery. The nurse notes that the left pedal pulse is weak. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Elevate the leg and apply a sandbag to the entrance site.
- B. Increase the flow rate of intravenous fluids.
- C. Assess the color and temperature of the left leg.
- D. Document the finding as the left pedal pulse of +1/4.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A weak pedal pulse after cardiac angiography may indicate compromised blood flow. Assessing the color and temperature of the leg helps determine if there is ischemia or other complications.