Nokea
Concerning cholecystokinin (CCK):
- A. Secreted from the jejunum
- B. Stimulates the contraction of gallbladder.
- C. inhibits the stomach mobility.
- D. All of the above are correct.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is B: Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates the contraction of the gallbladder. This hormone is released from the duodenum in response to the presence of fats and proteins in the small intestine. Its main function is to signal the gallbladder to contract and release bile into the duodenum to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats.
A: CCK is not secreted from the jejunum but from the duodenum.
C: CCK does not inhibit stomach motility; instead, it enhances the release of digestive enzymes and bile.
In summary, choice B is correct as it accurately reflects the role of CCK in stimulating gallbladder contraction, while choices A and C are incorrect based on the functions of CCK in the digestive system.
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The nurse is talking with a patient who has been experiencing nausea and vomiting. The patient indicates an interest in using alternative therapies for the condition. Which product may aid in nausea management?
- A. Ginger
- B. Ginseng
- C. Chamomile
- D. Soy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Ginger has been shown to help alleviate nausea and vomiting due to its anti-inflammatory properties.
2. Ginger can help relax the stomach muscles and aid in digestion, reducing symptoms of nausea.
3. Studies have supported the use of ginger for managing nausea in various conditions.
4. Overall, ginger is a safe and effective option for nausea management.
Summary of incorrect choices:
- Ginseng: Ginseng is not commonly used for nausea relief and lacks sufficient evidence to support its effectiveness.
- Chamomile: While chamomile is known for its calming effects, it is not specifically indicated for nausea management.
- Soy: Soy is not typically used to alleviate nausea and vomiting symptoms.
The functions of saliva include the following except:
- A. Cleaning the mouth
- B. Killing bacteria
- C. Digestion of lipids
- D. Facilitation of speech
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Digestion of lipids is not a function of saliva. Saliva primarily aids in cleaning the mouth by washing away food particles, killing bacteria with its antibacterial properties, and facilitating speech by lubricating the mouth and throat. Digestion of lipids primarily occurs in the small intestine with the help of enzymes like lipase. Salivary amylase, found in saliva, assists in breaking down carbohydrates, not lipids. Therefore, digestion of lipids is not a function of saliva.
What is the patient with chronic pancreatitis more likely to have than the patient with acute pancreatitis?
- A. The need to abstain from alcohol
- B. Experience acute abdominal pain
- C. Malabsorption and diabetes mellitus
- D. Require a high-carbohydrate, high-protein, low-fat diet
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic pancreatitis often leads to malabsorption and diabetes mellitus due to long-term pancreatic dysfunction.
What should the nurse emphasize when teaching patients at risk for upper GI bleeding to prevent bleeding episodes?
- A. All stools and vomitus must be tested for the presence of blood.
- B. The use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications of any kind should be avoided.
- C. Antacids should be taken with all prescribed medications to prevent gastric irritation.
- D. Misoprostol (Cytotec) should be used to protect the gastric mucosa in individuals with peptic ulcers.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Over-the-counter medications, especially NSAIDs, should be avoided as they can increase the risk of gastric irritation and bleeding.
Which lymphatic areas are most commonly the site of inflammation?
- A. Peyer's patches
- B. palatine tonsils
- C. lingual tonsils
- D. adenoids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: palatine tonsils. Palatine tonsils are the most commonly inflamed lymphatic areas due to their location at the back of the throat where they can easily come into contact with pathogens. They play a crucial role in immune defense against infections. Peyer's patches are found in the small intestine and are involved in immune responses to pathogens in the digestive tract. Lingual tonsils are located at the base of the tongue and are less frequently inflamed compared to the palatine tonsils. Adenoids are located in the upper part of the throat behind the nose and are also less commonly inflamed than the palatine tonsils.