Nokea
Correct statements about breastfeeding and formula-feeding include which of the following?
- B. there is a lower incidence of milk-protein allergy in formula-fed infants
- C. there is a faster return to pre-pregnancy weight in mothers of formula-fed infants
- D. there is an improved immunity in breastfed infants
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Breastfeeding is known to improve immunity in infants due to the transfer of antibodies and other immune factors from the mother.
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Reddish-orange crystals noted in the urine of a 48-hour-old newborn are
- A. a sign of congenital renal disease
- B. a sign of vitamin K deficiency
- C. a normal finding
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Uric acid crystals are commonly seen in newborn urine and are considered normal.
The breastfeeding position that is good to relieve plugged milk ducts and engorged breasts is
- A. cradle hold
- B. football hold
- C. side-lying hold
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The football hold allows better access and drainage of blocked ducts.
After using a breast pump, the woman should
- A. rinse removable parts in cold water, then wash with warm soapy water
- B. wash removable parts in very hot soapy water
- C. immediately sterilize the removable parts in boiling water
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Proper cleaning prevents contamination while preserving the integrity of pump components.
Obesity during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of
- A. fetuses that are small-for-gestational age
- B. cesarean birth
- C. rapid postpartum weight loss
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obesity during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of cesarean birth due to complications such as macrosomia and labor dystocia.
A newborn infant opens her mouth and turns her head to the right when her right cheek is touched, which is consistent with which of the following reflexes?
- A. rooting reflex
- B. moro reflex
- C. tonic neck reflex ('fencing' reflex)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The rooting reflex helps the infant locate the nipple for feeding.