Nokea
Critical thinking is an active organized cognitive process used to carefully examine one's thinking. It allows the nurse to
- A. Direct the assessment in a meaningful and purposeful way
- B. Review assessment with other health care providers
- C. Determination of the nursing care delivered
- D. Indentifies anticipated client responses to illness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Critical thinking directs assessment purposefully e.g., probing fatigue to link it to anemia ensuring data collection is focused and relevant. This active process analyzes, synthesizes, and prioritizes, enhancing care planning. Reviewing with providers follows assessment, not its direction. Determining care is planning/implementation, not assessment's role. Identifying responses fits evaluation, not initial data-gathering. Critical thinking's role in steering assessment ensures efficiency and depth, making it the key way nurses apply this cognitive skill in practice.
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When teaching a client with a new diagnosis of hypertension about medication adherence, which statement should the nurse include?
- A. You can stop taking your medication once your blood pressure is normal.
- B. You should take your medication at the same time every day.
- C. You can double your dose if you miss a dose.
- D. You should take your medication with a high-fat meal.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'You should take your medication at the same time every day.' Taking medication consistently at the same time daily is crucial for maintaining steady blood levels and effectively managing hypertension. It helps ensure that the medication works optimally and provides the best control of blood pressure throughout the day. Choice A is incorrect because stopping medication once blood pressure is normal can lead to a relapse or worsening of hypertension. Choice C is incorrect as doubling the dose without healthcare provider guidance can be dangerous. Choice D is incorrect as taking medication with a high-fat meal can affect its absorption and efficacy.
A client with a new diagnosis of hypertension is being taught about lifestyle changes. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should limit your alcohol intake to no more than one drink per day.
- B. You should increase your sodium intake to at least 2,300 mg per day.
- C. You should limit your physical activity to avoid increasing your blood pressure.
- D. You should avoid eating dairy products to help lower your blood pressure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct statement to include in teaching a client with hypertension is to limit alcohol intake to no more than one drink per day. Excessive alcohol consumption can raise blood pressure and lead to complications. Increasing sodium intake, limiting physical activity, and avoiding dairy products are not recommended for managing hypertension. Clients with hypertension should follow a heart-healthy diet low in sodium, engage in regular physical activity, and monitor their blood pressure regularly to control hypertension effectively.
The nurse chose to respect Mr. Gary's refusal of care. This is an example of?
- A. Ethics
- B. Health promotion
- C. Care coordination
- D. Nursing informatics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Respecting care refusal is ethics (A) moral decision, per principles (autonomy). Promotion (B) prevents, coordination (C) organizes, informatics (D) tech not ethics-specific. A fits moral choice, making it correct.
What is the purpose of utilizing proper positioning techniques for patients?
- A. To maintain patient comfort
- B. To promote social interaction
- C. To facilitate ambulation
- D. To improve coordination
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Proper positioning techniques aim to maintain patient comfort by reducing pressure points, aligning the body, and preventing pain or discomfort during rest or treatment. This focus enhances patient well-being, crucial for recovery and satisfaction in care settings. Encouraging social engagement, aiding walking, or enhancing coordination, while valuable, aren't the core objectives of positioning those require distinct interventions like group activities or physical therapy. Comfort underpins healing, as unrelieved pressure or misalignment can lead to complications like ulcers or muscle strain. Nurses prioritize this to support physiological stability, ensuring patients feel at ease, which indirectly supports broader therapeutic goals without being the primary intent.
Which of the following is responsible for the rhythm and quality of breathing?
- A. Medulla oblongata
- B. Pons
- C. Carotid bodies
- D. Aortic bodies
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The medulla's respiratory center sets rhythm and depth e.g., 12-20 breaths/min via dorsal/ventral groups. Pons refines, carotid/aortic adjust via chemo input. Nurses assess this e.g., COPD for function, per neurophysiology.