Nokea
Describe the first intervention you should perform when a patient faints because of low blood pressure.
- A. Lay the patient flat and elevate legs
- B. Administer oxygen
- C. Give fluids immediately
- D. Take blood pressure again
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Laying the patient flat and elevating their legs increases venous return to the heart, improving blood pressure and cerebral perfusion in cases of fainting due to hypotension.
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Which of the following assessments provide data regarding the quality of circulation to a patient's extremities?
- A. Oral temperature
- B. Strength of pedal dorsalis pulse
- C. Skin temperature of hands and feet
- D. Pulse rate
- E. Blood pressure
- F. Color of nailbeds
- G. Capillary refill time
Correct Answer: B,C,F,G
Rationale: Strength of pedal dorsalis pulse, skin temperature, nailbed color, and capillary refill time directly assess peripheral circulation by evaluating blood flow and tissue perfusion.
What is thermogenesis?
- A. Heat production in the body
- B. Heat loss through sweating
- C. Regulation of body temperature
- D. Cooling of the body
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thermogenesis is the process of heat production in the body, often through metabolic processes like shivering or brown fat activation, to maintain body temperature.
Which heart valve(s) close(s) to produce the S? sound?
- A. Bicuspid valve
- B. Pulmonary valve
- C. Aortic valve
- D. Tricuspid valve
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: The S1 sound, or 'lub,' is produced when the atrioventricular valves (bicuspid/mitral and tricuspid) close at the start of systole.
What characteristic(s) of the pulse should you always assess?
- A. Length of each beat
- B. Strength
- C. Rate
- D. Depth
- E. Rhythm of the beats
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: When assessing a pulse, you should evaluate its rate (beats per minute), strength (amplitude), and rhythm (regularity) to determine cardiovascular status.
When auscultated, the heart sounds should sound muffled and distant.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: False. Normal heart sounds (S1 and S2) should be clear and distinct, not muffled or distant, which may indicate pathology.