Nokea
Displacement of a bone form its joint is known as ____________________.
- A. Fracture
- B. Dislocation
- C. Displacement
- D. Sprain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dislocation is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the displacement of a bone from its joint. A fracture (choice A) is a break in a bone, not a displacement. Choice C, displacement, is too general and does not specify the bone being out of a joint. A sprain (choice D) involves the stretching or tearing of ligaments, not the displacement of a bone. Therefore, dislocation is the most accurate term for the scenario described.
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Which statement is true for the reproduction of reptiles and birds?
- A. Both newly hatched birds and reptiles require parental care
- B. They are both ovoviviparous.
- C. Both exhibit external fertilization.
- D. Both can reproduce asexually.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: They are both ovoviviparous. Reptiles and birds are ovoviviparous, meaning they lay eggs that hatch internally and give birth to live young. Reptiles and birds do not require parental care immediately after birth, so choice A is incorrect. They reproduce through internal fertilization, making choice C incorrect. Reproduction through asexual means is not common in reptiles and birds, making choice D incorrect.
The male sex of the child involves the following during fecundation:
- A. the spermatozoon should contain the X sex chromosome;
- B. the spermatozoon should contain the Y sex chromosome;
- C. the ovule should contain the contain the Y sex chromosome;
- D. the spermatozoon should contain the Y sex chromosome and the ovule should contain the contain the X sex chromosome;
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: At fertilization, the sperm contributes either an X or Y sex chromosome.
Step 2: The ovum always contributes an X sex chromosome.
Step 3: If the sperm carries the Y chromosome, the resulting child will be male.
Therefore, the correct choice is B.
Summary:
A: Incorrect. If the sperm contains the X chromosome, the child will be female.
C: Incorrect. Ovule always contains an X chromosome.
D: Incorrect. This choice combines correct and incorrect information, as the sperm must contain the Y chromosome for a male child.
Before implantation, the blastocyst obtains its nutrition from the uterine endometrial secretions. How does the blastocyst obtain nutrition during the first week after implantation?
- A. It continues to derive nutrition from endometrial secretions
- B. The cells of the blastocyst contain stored nutrients that are metabolized for nutritional support
- C. The placenta provides nutrition derived from maternal blood
- D. The trophoblast cells digest the nutrient-rich endometrial cells and then absorb their contents for use by the blastocyst
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: The trophoblast cells of the blastocyst invade the endometrial lining during implantation.
Step 2: The trophoblast cells secrete enzymes to digest the nutrient-rich endometrial cells.
Step 3: The digested nutrients are absorbed by the trophoblast cells.
Step 4: These nutrients are then utilized by the blastocyst for its growth and development.
Step 5: This process ensures that the blastocyst receives the necessary nutrition for the first week after implantation.
Summary:
A: Incorrect. Endometrial secretions are no longer the source of nutrition after implantation.
B: Incorrect. While the blastocyst may contain some stored nutrients, they are not sufficient for the first week post-implantation.
C: Incorrect. The placenta is not fully functional until later in pregnancy, so it does not provide nutrition in the first week.
The medical term expressing suture of the perineum is ________
- A. cervicography
- B. perineorrhaphy
- C. cervicorrhapy
- D. cervicorrhexis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: perineorrhaphy. "Perineorrhaphy" refers to the surgical suturing of the perineum. The term is derived from "perineum" (the area between the anus and the genitalia) and "rrhaphy" (meaning suture).
A: cervicography - This term refers to a diagnostic procedure involving imaging of the cervix, not related to suturing the perineum.
C: cervicorrhapy - This term does not exist in medical terminology and is not related to suturing the perineum.
D: cervicorrhexis - This term refers to the tearing of the cervix, not the suturing of the perineum.
In summary, perineorrhaphy is the correct term as it specifically refers to suturing the perineum, while the other choices are unrelated to this procedure.
The nurse observes that the urinary meatus is located on the undersurface of the penis. How does the nurse document this finding?
- A. Balanitis
- B. Phimosis
- C. Epispadias
- D. Hypospadias
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypospadias. In hypospadias, the urinary meatus is located on the undersurface of the penis. This condition occurs due to abnormal development of the urethral opening. To document this finding, the nurse should use accurate terminology.
A: Balanitis is inflammation of the glans penis and is not related to the location of the urinary meatus.
B: Phimosis is the inability to retract the foreskin over the glans penis and is not related to the location of the urinary meatus.
C: Epispadias is a rare condition where the urinary meatus is located on the upper side of the penis, opposite to hypospadias.