Nokea
The substrate used for sperm metabolism is produced by the _____.
- A. prostate
- B. seminal vesicle
- C. Cowper's gland
- D. testes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: seminal vesicle. Seminal vesicles produce fructose-rich fluid that serves as a nutrient source for sperm metabolism. This energy supply enables sperm to swim and undergo various metabolic processes. The other choices are incorrect because the prostate produces components of semen, Cowper's gland secretes pre-ejaculatory fluid, and the testes produce sperm cells but not the substrate for sperm metabolism. Thus, the seminal vesicle is the most direct source of the metabolic substrate for sperm.
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The clusters of specific glands that cycle are known as ________. produce milk when a woman is
- A. the menstrual phase lactating are called _______.
- B. the secretory phase
- C. lactiferous ducts
- D. menses
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: the secretory phase. During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, the glands in the breast tissue prepare for potential milk production. This phase occurs after ovulation when the body is getting ready for a possible pregnancy. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: the menstrual phase refers to the shedding of the uterine lining, not the breast glands.
C: lactiferous ducts are the tubes that carry milk from the glands to the nipple, not the clusters of glands themselves.
D: menses refers to the menstrual bleeding period, not the phase in which the breast glands are active for milk production.
The medical term expressing suture of the perineum is ________
- A. cervicography
- B. perineorrhaphy
- C. cervicorrhapy
- D. cervicorrhexis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: perineorrhaphy. "Perineorrhaphy" refers to the surgical suturing of the perineum. The term is derived from "perineum" (the area between the anus and the genitalia) and "rrhaphy" (meaning suture).
A: cervicography - This term refers to a diagnostic procedure involving imaging of the cervix, not related to suturing the perineum.
C: cervicorrhapy - This term does not exist in medical terminology and is not related to suturing the perineum.
D: cervicorrhexis - This term refers to the tearing of the cervix, not the suturing of the perineum.
In summary, perineorrhaphy is the correct term as it specifically refers to suturing the perineum, while the other choices are unrelated to this procedure.
Which of the following cells could be fertilized?
- A. Polar body
- B. Primary oocyte
- C. Secondary oocyte
- D. Oogonium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Secondary oocyte. After meiosis I, the primary oocyte forms a secondary oocyte. The secondary oocyte is the cell that can be fertilized by a sperm to form a zygote. Polar bodies are products of oogenesis that do not participate in fertilization. Oogonium is a primordial germ cell in the ovary that undergoes mitosis to form primary oocytes. Therefore, the secondary oocyte is the only viable option for fertilization among the choices provided.
Why is it important to feed newborn infants every few hours?
- A. The hepatic capacity to store and synthesize glycogen and glucose is not adequate to maintain the plasma glucose concentration in a normal range for more than a few hours after feeding
- B. If adequate fluid is not ingested frequently, the plasma protein concentration will rise to greater than normal levels within a few hours
- C. The function of the gastrointestinal system is poorly developed and can be improved by keeping food in the stomach at all times
- D. The hepatic capacity to form plasma proteins is minimal and requires the constant availability of amino acids from food to avoid hypoproteinemic edema
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Newborn infants have limited hepatic capacity to store and synthesize glycogen and glucose.
Step 2: This limited capacity results in the plasma glucose concentration not being maintained in a normal range for more than a few hours after feeding.
Step 3: Feeding every few hours ensures a constant supply of glucose to maintain plasma glucose levels.
Step 4: Thus, it is important to feed newborn infants every few hours to prevent hypoglycemia.
Summary:
A: Correct - Maintaining plasma glucose levels due to limited hepatic capacity.
B: Incorrect - Protein concentration is not the primary concern for feeding frequency.
C: Incorrect - Keeping food in the stomach constantly does not improve gastrointestinal function.
D: Incorrect - Hypoproteinemic edema is not the primary reason for feeding frequency.
The largest ovarian ligament is the _____ ligament.
- A. ovarian
- B. broad
- C. suspensory
- D. sacral
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: broad ligament. The broad ligament is the largest ovarian ligament, providing support to the uterus and ovaries. It consists of layers of peritoneum and serves as a protective barrier. The other choices are incorrect because the ovarian ligament specifically connects the ovary to the uterus, the suspensory ligament supports the ovary and contains blood vessels, and the sacral ligament is not related to the ovary.