Dr. Maki questioned a group of 9th graders about their career aspirations. This is an example of $a(n)$:
- A. experiment
- B. survey
- C. case study
- D. manipulation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Questioning a group about aspirations is a survey, collecting self-reported data.
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The nurse is caring for a patient who has AIDS. Which outcome should receive priority?
- A. Remain socially active.
- B. Report high self-esteem.
- C. Remain free of infection.
- D. Maintain baseline weight.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Remain free of infection. This outcome should receive priority for a patient with AIDS to prevent further complications and deterioration of the immune system. Infection prevention is crucial in managing AIDS. A: Remaining socially active may be important but not the priority in this case. B: Reporting high self-esteem is beneficial but not directly related to the patient's health outcome. D: Maintaining baseline weight is important for overall health but not as critical as preventing infections in a patient with AIDS.
Family is a group defined by sexual relationship, sufficiently precise and enduring to provide for the procreation and upbringing of children:
- A. Skinner
- B. Steffen
- C. Maclver
- D. Einstein
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: MacIver, a sociologist, defined family by its reproductive and nurturing roles.
What is the name of the process by which we acquire a sense of identity and become members of society?
- A. Rationalization
- B. McDonaldization
- C. Socialization
- D. Colonization
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Socialization is the process of learning identity and societal norms.
The child's ability to classify objects develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Classification, grouping objects by properties, emerges in the concrete operational stage (Piaget).
When treating life-threatening illnesses, how should physicians respond to the religious beliefs of their patients?
- A. Always give treatment that preserves life and offers the best outcome
- B. Initiate a respectful discussion that includes the patients' families and/or the patients' spiritual advisors
- C. Allow the patients to make the appropriate choices excluding outside influences
- D. Discourage the patients from making a decision based only on their religious beliefs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Involving family and advisors respects beliefs while guiding treatment decisions.