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Which somatic therapy requires a medical evaluation, review or prior care by two psychiatrists and the need to be recommended for this therapy, informed consent, and can be appropriate for clients who are pregnant?
- A. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
- B. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
- C. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)
- D. Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). ECT is a somatic therapy that requires a thorough medical evaluation and review by two psychiatrists to determine its appropriateness. It also necessitates being recommended for this therapy, obtaining informed consent, and can be considered safe for pregnant clients. The other choices, B, C, and D, do not require the same level of medical evaluation, review, or recommendation by two psychiatrists. They also may not be considered safe for pregnant individuals, making them less appropriate in this scenario.
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An individual is being admitted for psychiatric treatment. The initial role of the nurse regarding this individual's psychopharmacologic therapy is to:
- A. Gather data to create a baseline assessment that includes a medication history.
- B. Assess the individual's understanding of the therapeutic value of his or her current medications.
- C. Evaluate the effectiveness of the medication regime by focusing on the client's current symptoms.
- D. Begin the admission interview in such a manner that will foster a therapeutic nurse-client relationship.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
1. Gathering data to create a baseline assessment is crucial to understanding the individual's medication history and current status.
2. This baseline assessment helps identify potential interactions, allergies, and previous responses to medications.
3. It allows the nurse to make informed decisions regarding the individual's psychopharmacologic therapy.
4. Assessing understanding (B) and evaluating effectiveness (C) are important but come after establishing the baseline assessment.
5. Building a therapeutic relationship (D) is essential but not the initial step in psychopharmacologic therapy.
Which evaluation data supports that the client diagnosed with schizophrenia has benefited from his family's involvement in psychoeducational programming?
- A. The client is living with his parents.
- B. The client has not relapsed in three years.
- C. The family is supplementing the client's disability income.
- D. The family provides the client with transportation to his part-time job.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the client not relapsing in three years indicates a positive outcome from the family's involvement in psychoeducational programming. This suggests that the family's support has contributed to the client's stability and well-being.
Choice A is incorrect as living with parents alone does not demonstrate the effectiveness of psychoeducational programming. Choice C is incorrect as supplementing disability income does not directly show the client's improvement. Choice D is also incorrect as providing transportation to a job does not specifically relate to the client's schizophrenia treatment outcome.
The Montessori approach believes the learning environment should be
- A. Structured
- B. Flexible
- C. Controlled
- D. Rigid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Montessori environments are flexible, adapting to children's needs.
The psychological test measure intellectual ability is
- A. Rorschach
- B. MMPI
- C. WAIS
- D. TAT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The WAIS measures intellectual ability across verbal and performance domains.
The primary factor that makes an event a crisis is the:
- A. Type of loss that the event causes.
- B. Nature of the stress caused by the event.
- C. Ineffectiveness of one's usual coping strategies.
- D. Preexistence of a stress-related mental illness.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the primary factor that makes an event a crisis is the ineffectiveness of one's usual coping strategies. When an event overwhelms an individual's ability to cope with it using their usual strategies, it can lead to a crisis. Choice A is incorrect because the type of loss alone does not determine if an event is a crisis. Choice B is incorrect as the nature of stress is subjective and can vary among individuals. Choice D is incorrect because the preexistence of a stress-related mental illness is not necessarily a prerequisite for an event to be considered a crisis.