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During a home visit, the PHN bag is a crucial tool for providing nursing care. The most important principle in bag technique states that it:
- A. Should save time and effort
- B. Should minimize, if not totally prevent, the spread of infection
- C. Should not overshadow concern for the patient and their family
- D. May be done in a variety of ways depending on the home situation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Should minimize, if not totally prevent, the spread of infection. The bag technique in home visits is crucial to prevent the spread of infections between different households. By ensuring that all equipment is properly sanitized and stored in the bag, the risk of contamination is minimized. This approach follows the principles of infection control and promotes patient safety. The other choices are incorrect because: A does not prioritize infection control, C is important but not the primary focus of the bag technique, and D undermines the importance of consistency in infection prevention.
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A business firm must employ an occupational health nurse when it has at least how many employees?
- A. 21
- B. 101
- C. 201
- D. 301
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (101 employees) because the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations require a business to have an occupational health nurse when the workforce reaches 101 employees. Employing an occupational health nurse at this threshold ensures that the company complies with OSHA standards for employee health and safety.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the specific OSHA requirement of 101 employees for employing an occupational health nurse. Option A (21 employees) is too low, and options C (201 employees) and D (301 employees) exceed the required threshold. Therefore, only option B meets the OSHA regulation criteria for when a business must employ an occupational health nurse.
If the RHU needs additional midwife items, to whom should you submit the request for approval?
- A. Rural Health Unit
- B. District Health Office
- C. Provincial Health Office
- D. Municipal Health Board
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Municipal Health Board. The rationale is as follows:
1. Municipal Health Boards oversee health services at the local level, including midwifery services.
2. Submitting the request to the Municipal Health Board ensures it is addressed promptly and efficiently.
3. Rural Health Unit (A) may not have the authority to approve additional midwife items.
4. District Health Office (B) and Provincial Health Office (C) are higher levels of authority and may not handle local requests for midwife items.
What process is required for population-focused nursing practice?
- A. Community organizing
- B. Nursing process
- C. Community diagnosis
- D. Epidemiologic process
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Community diagnosis. This process involves assessing the health needs and concerns of a specific population to develop targeted interventions. Community organizing (A) focuses on mobilizing community members for advocacy. The nursing process (B) is a framework for individualized care. Epidemiologic process (D) is about studying disease patterns in populations. Community diagnosis is essential for population-focused nursing as it helps identify priority health issues and develop evidence-based interventions.
Tertiary prevention is needed in which stage of the natural history of disease?
- A. Pre-pathogenesis
- B. Pathogenesis
- C. Predromal
- D. Terminal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tertiary prevention occurs during the Terminal stage of the natural history of disease. This stage involves managing the disease to prevent complications and improve the quality of life. Tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation, palliative care, and support to prevent further deterioration. In contrast, Pre-pathogenesis is before the disease develops, Pathogenesis is the development and progression of the disease, and Predromal is the early signs and symptoms before the disease fully manifests. These stages are not where tertiary prevention interventions are typically implemented.
RA 7160 mandates the devolution of basic services from the national government to local government units. What is the primary goal of this devolution?
- A. To strengthen local government units
- B. To allow greater autonomy to local government units
- C. To empower the people and promote their self-reliance
- D. To make basic services more accessible to the people
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To empower the people and promote their self-reliance. This is the primary goal of devolution under RA 7160. Devolution aims to transfer power and resources to local government units, enabling them to be more responsive to the needs of their constituents. By empowering the people and promoting self-reliance, communities can actively participate in decision-making, leading to more effective and sustainable development.
Choice A (To strengthen local government units) is not the primary goal, although it may be an outcome of devolution. Choice B (To allow greater autonomy to local government units) is related to the goal but not as comprehensive as promoting self-reliance. Choice D (To make basic services more accessible to the people) is a potential benefit of devolution but not the primary goal, which is focused on empowering the people and promoting self-reliance.