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During a prenatal visit, a nurse discovers that a Black woman has been occasionally craving and eating clay. Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse?
- A. Tell the client that many pregnant women crave such nonfood substances, and it is not a problem.
- B. Ignore the comment because pica is acceptable in some rural Black cultures.
- C. Encourage the client to eat it with plenty of water because of the risk of constipation.
- D. Stress the importance of an appropriate diet and avoiding pica in a culturally sensitive way.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pica can lead to health complications, and the nurse should stress the importance of a proper diet in a culturally sensitive way.
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A child is focused on peer approval and avoidance of “not fitting in.” According to Kohlberg, this child is experiencing which of the following stages of moral development?
- A. Preconventional
- B. Conventional
- C. Postconventional
- D. Preoperational
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the conventional stage, the goal is to gain approval and avoid disapproval from peers.
The nurse in the pediatric oncology unit is working with a family whose toddler has been diagnosed with leukemia. The nurse can best assist the family to deal with this extrinsic stressor by doing which of the following?
- A. Setting treatment goals for them until they are able to do so themselves
- B. Encouraging them to talk about their concerns
- C. Discussing relaxation techniques such as guided imagery with them
- D. Asking them if they would like to meet with a member of a pediatric oncology support group
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging the family to talk about concerns and introducing them to support groups are effective methods of dealing with this stressor.
A teenager, who lives at home with her parents and school-aged brother, has been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Which of the following would be the most appropriate teaching goal for this teenager?
- A. Increased energy level
- B. Improved coping
- C. Enhanced self-esteem
- D. Accomplished activities of daily living
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Enhancing self-esteem is crucial for a teenager with anorexia nervosa to overcome body image issues.
A nurse determined the interobserver reliability of a blood pressure reading. Which of the following describes the method that was used by the nurse?
- A. Blood pressure readings of 124/82 were obtained two days in a row by two different nurses.
- B. Three consecutive blood pressure readings of 124/82 were obtained by the same nurse.
- C. Blood pressure readings of 124/82 in the right arm and 124/82 in the left arm were obtained.
- D. A blood pressure reading of 124/82 was obtained immediately followed by another blood pressure reading of 147/92.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Interobserver reliability measures the consistency of test results when performed by different observers under similar conditions.
A teenager has a family history of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. What should the nurse recommend to prevent developing it?
- A. Tell him to avoid any and all sweets.
- B. Tell him to be active and eat a balanced diet.
- C. Tell him he should talk to his physician about genetic testing.
- D. Tell him that very little can be done to avoid developing this disorder.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A healthy lifestyle with activity and a balanced diet is the best preventive measure for Type 2 diabetes.