Nokea
During a routine health examination, a 40-yr-old patient tells the nurse about a family history of colon cancer. Which action should the nurse take next?
- A. Obtain more information about the family history.
- B. Schedule a sigmoidoscopy to provide baseline data.
- C. Teach the patient about the need for a colonoscopy at age 50.
- D. Teach the patient how to do home testing for fecal occult blood.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Family history of colon cancer flags risk first step's digging deeper: who, when, how many cases? That shapes if it's sporadic or hereditary (e.g., Lynch syndrome), guiding screening timing. Jumping to sigmoidoscopy or fecal tests skips assessment too soon without details. Colonoscopy at 50's standard, but family history might bump it earlier (e.g., 40 or 10 years before kin's diagnosis). Nurses in oncology start here, gathering intel to tailor prevention, not rushing tools that might miss the mark without context.
You may also like to solve these questions
A nurse is caring for a 65-year-old male who recently underwent an aortic valve replacement. Which of the following is a post-operative nursing care priority?
- A. Temperature monitoring
- B. Assess for bleeding
- C. Advance diet as tolerated
- D. Dressing change
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Valve replacement bleeds assessing for hemorrhage at surgical sites or anticoagulation tops post-op care, a life-or-death watch per ABCs. Fever, diet, dressings matter, but bleeding's immediate. Nurses hunt oozing or shock, ensuring stability, a priority in this fresh-cut cardiac zone.
A client with metastatic cancer of the colon experiences severe vomiting following each administration of chemotherapy. Which action, if taken by the nurse, is most appropriate?
- A. Have the patient eat large meals when nausea is not present
- B. Offer dry crackers and carbonated fluids during chemotherapy
- C. Administer prescribed antiemetics 1 hour before the treatments
- D. Give the patient two ounces of a citrus fruit beverage during treatments
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chemo's gut punch severe vomiting bows to preemptive antiemetics, given 1 hour before, blunting nausea's peak, the most effective move per oncology standards. Big meals overload; crackers help post-, not during; citrus risks acid reflux. Nurses time antiemetics, syncing with chemo's onslaught, a proactive strike to ease this metastatic misery, trumping reactive nibbles or sips.
Endothelial dysfunction is one of the first steps in the development of atherosclerosis. Question: Which factor is NOT involved in endothelial dysfunction?
- A. Haemodynamic changes (e.g. hypertension)
- B. Inflammation
- C. Lipids
- D. Proteinuria
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Endothelial flops pressure, inflammation, lipids kick it, proteinuria's kidney, not vessel start. Nurses spot this, a chronic dysfunction trio.
Which condition assessed by the nurse would be an early warning sign of childhood cancer?
- A. Difficulty swallowing
- B. Frequent cough or hoarseness
- C. Change in bowel and bladder habits
- D. Swellings, lumps or masses anywhere on the body
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Childhood cancers often present with subtle, non-specific signs, but swellings, lumps, or masses anywhere on the body are a key early warning, indicating possible tumors like leukemia (lymphadenopathy), Wilms tumor, or sarcomas. Nurses must assess these palpable abnormalities, as they prompt urgent diagnostic workup imaging or biopsy to catch cancer early when treatment is most effective. Difficulty swallowing might suggest esophageal or brain tumors but isn't a common early childhood cancer sign. Frequent cough or hoarseness could indicate adult cancers (e.g., lung) or late-stage disease, not typical pediatric onset. Bowel and bladder changes are more adult-specific (e.g., colorectal cancer) or late effects in children. Lumps' prominence in pediatric guidelines underscores their priority, aligning with nursing's role in early detection to improve survival rates in young patients.
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with stage I colon cancer. When assessing the need for psychologic support, which question by the nurse will provide the most information?
- A. How long ago were you diagnosed with this cancer?'
- B. Do you have any concerns about body image changes?'
- C. Can you tell me what has been helpful to you in the past when coping with stressful events?'
- D. Are you familiar with the stages of emotional adjustment to a diagnosis like cancer of the colon?'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stage I colon cancer's early psych support hinges on coping history . Past wins reveal strengths, more than timing , body image (B less hit here), or textbook stages . Nurses in oncology dig this how they've handled stress before predicts now, guiding tailored help.