Nokea
During physical examination the nurse notes an absence of bowel sounds. What does this finding indicate about the function of the gastrointestinal tract?
- A. Reduced peristalsis
- B. Normal digestion
- C. Increased motility
- D. Excessive gas
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Absent bowel sounds suggest reduced or absent peristalsis, possibly indicating ileus or obstruction.
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Striated ducts, the following is true except:
- A. Lined by ion transporting cells
- B. Contain basal basophilic granules
- C. Contain basal acidophilic granules
- D. Present in salivary gland duct system.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Striated ducts have basal acidophilic striations due to mitochondria, not basophilic granules.
Match: Chyme
- A. a mixture of partially digested food, water, and gastric juice
- B. undigested fiber
- C. stored bile
- D. salivary secretion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chyme is the semi-fluid mass of partly digested food expelled by the stomach into the duodenum.
How many salivary glands are found in a man?
- A. 5 Pairs.
- B. 2 Pairs.
- C. 4 Pairs.
- D. 3 Pairs.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Humans have three pairs of major salivary glands: parotid, submandibular, and sublingual.
(Gustatory) sensory cells of taste buds, all true except:
- A. They have pale cytoplasm and darkly stained oval nuclei.
- B. Their apical surfaces contain long microvilli embedded in amorphous glycosaminoglycan material secreted by supporting cells
- C. Are peripheral in position
- D. Their basal parts are connected to the afferent nerve fibers.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gustatory cells are centrally located within the taste bud, surrounded by supporting cells, not peripheral.
The products of digested food are present in the ileum. Which substances enter a blood capillary and a lacteal in a villus?
- A. blood capillary: amino acids and glucose, lacteal: fatty acids and glycerol
- B. blood capillary: amino acids and glycerol, lacteal: fatty acids and glucose
- C. blood capillary: fatty acids and glucose, lacteal: amino acids and glycerol
- D. blood capillary: fatty acids and glycerol, lacteal: amino acids and glucose
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amino acids and glucose enter the blood capillaries, while fatty acids and glycerol are absorbed into the lacteals.