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During the detoxification period, what does the nurse aim to achieve when designing interventions?
- A. Enroll the patient in Alcoholics Anonymous (AA).
- B. Keep the patient safe from aspiration and seizure.
- C. Help the patient interact in nonaddictive activities.
- D. Help the patient gain insight into the addiction.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Care for the addicted patient starts with detoxification and is focused on keeping the patient safe from the symptoms of withdrawal. Enrolling the patient in AA, helping the patient interact in nonaddictive activities, and helping the patient gain insight into the addiction would be part of the rehabilitation process.
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The nurse cautions that a person who chronically abuses drugs may experience mental impairment. The area of the brain that can be affected and permanently damaged is the system.
Correct Answer: limbic
Rationale: The most commonly abused drugs act on the limbic system of the brain and can cause permanent damage.
A 60-year-old man was admitted for cholecystitis that resulted in a cholecystectomy. On his third day of hospitalization, he begins to sweat profusely, tremble, and has a blood pressure of 160/100. Based on these findings, what focused assessment should the nurse complete?
- A. Cardiac problems
- B. Respiratory problems
- C. Withdrawal problems
- D. Circulatory problems
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diaphoresis, tremors, and hypertension are all symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol consumption. The nurse, concerned about the patient's medical condition, may not consider substance abuse until withdrawal symptoms appear.
A patient seems bewildered when he confides in the nurse that all of his friends and leisure time have been centered on a drug culture. Which would be the best response by the nurse?
- A. What other sort of activities might you enjoy?
- B. You will need to get new friends.
- C. Returning to those activities will get you back here and in trouble.
- D. You need to get a hobby.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging the patient to imagine new activities is a start toward seeking them. Giving advice is not therapeutic.
During the initial intake assessment of a drug user, the nurse should attempt to obtain which subjective data?
- A. Usual pattern of use
- B. Specific drug
- C. Previous arrests
- D. Amount of drug used
- E. Time of last use
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Determining the drug, strength, frequency, last use, and pattern of use is the basic database on a substance abuser.
What severe side effect will occur if an alcoholic patient consumes alcohol while taking disulfiram (Antabuse)?
- A. Nausea
- B. Blackouts
- C. Headaches
- D. Hypertension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a person who is taking Antabuse consumes alcohol, severe nausea, tachycardia, shortness of breath, confusion, and dizziness are experienced. The drug is used as a form of aversion therapy.