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What is the greatest problem with lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) use?
- A. The drug is addictive.
- B. The drug stimulates drug-seeking behavior.
- C. The drug causes flashbacks.
- D. The drug sets off hypertensive episodes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: LSD causes flashbacks, or 'bad trips,' unpredictably, and the flashbacks may occur years after ingestion of the drug. LSD is not considered an addictive drug and does not stimulate drug-seeking behavior. Hypertension is not a typical side effect of LSD.
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The nurse assesses an alcoholic patient carefully for signs of withdrawal. How soon after cessation of alcohol intake do withdrawal symptoms usually appear?
- A. 3 hours
- B. 4 hours
- C. 5 hours
- D. 6 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Withdrawal signs can occur as early as 6 hours after cessation of alcohol intake and sometimes last for 3 to 5 days.
What is the best response by a nurse when a patient inquires how alcohol acts so quickly on his system?
- A. Alcohol is digested quickly.
- B. Alcohol is converted to glycogen immediately.
- C. Alcohol is metabolized into ethanol rapidly.
- D. Alcohol is excreted in urine slowly.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alcohol is not digested or converted into glycogen, but it is metabolized quickly by the liver to ethanol.
What should the nurse do to decrease the patient's disorientation at night during the detoxification period?
- A. Place the patient in a room with another recovering patient.
- B. Instruct the patient to orient himself to his surroundings at bedtime.
- C. Wake the patient up every 4 hours to eat a small snack.
- D. Use nightlights and remove extra furniture from the room.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Use of nightlights and removing extra furniture that could be misidentified will reduce disorientation. The patient should not be woken up to eat, but if he is awake, small snacks can be offered. The nurse should orient the patient to his surroundings.
The nurse concludes that a significant goal of the care plan for an alcoholic patient has been met when the patient makes which statement?
- A. I drink because I'm lonely.
- B. All my difficulties are related to my drinking.
- C. I wouldn't need to drink if I had my family back.
- D. My drinking helps me cope with the stress of my job.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A major goal for the successful treatment of alcoholics is to have them express responsibility for their behavior.
The nurse cautions that a person who chronically abuses drugs may experience mental impairment. The area of the brain that can be affected and permanently damaged is the system.
Correct Answer: limbic
Rationale: The most commonly abused drugs act on the limbic system of the brain and can cause permanent damage.