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During the third week of treatment, the spouse of a patient in an alcoholism rehabilitation program says, 'After discharge, I’m sure everything will be just fine.' Which remark by the nurse will be most helpful to the spouse?
- A. It is good that you’re supportive of your spouse’s sobriety and want to help maintain it.'
- B. Although sobriety solves some problems, new ones may emerge as one adjusts to living without alcohol.'
- C. It will be important for you to structure life to avoid as much stress as possible. You will need to provide social protection.'
- D. Remember that alcoholism is a disease of self-destruction. You will need to observe your spouse’s behavior carefully.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it acknowledges the spouse's optimism while also gently highlighting the potential challenges that may arise during the recovery process. By pointing out that new problems may emerge as the patient adjusts to a life without alcohol, the nurse prepares the spouse for potential difficulties and encourages realistic expectations.
Choice A is incorrect because it only acknowledges the spouse's support without addressing the potential challenges ahead. Choice C is incorrect because it focuses solely on stress avoidance rather than preparing for the overall adjustment process. Choice D is incorrect because it emphasizes monitoring the patient's behavior rather than addressing the spouse's outlook and potential struggles.
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Which statement made by a mental health nurse demonstrates the need for further education regarding active listening as a therapeutic communication technique?
- A. When I use therapeutic silence, I'm giving the client time to think and reflect.'
- B. Sharing perceptions doesn't mean I tell the client how my experiences are similar to his.'
- C. I generally find it helpful to ask the client why he blames others for the mistakes he's made.'
- D. It's not therapeutic to give the client suggestions as to what he needs to do to fix his problems.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because asking the client why he blames others is not a recommended approach in active listening. This statement shows a lack of understanding of active listening principles. Active listening focuses on listening without judgment or assumptions, understanding the client's perspective, and reflecting back their feelings. Asking why a client blames others can come across as confrontational and may hinder the therapeutic relationship. Choices A, B, and D demonstrate an understanding of active listening principles by emphasizing the importance of silence, avoiding sharing personal experiences, and refraining from giving direct advice, respectively.
he theorist who believes that human behavior is determined is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. B.F. Skinner
- D. Albert Bandura
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: B.F. Skinner's behaviorism views behavior as determined by environmental consequences.
Which finding indicates the successful completion of an individuals grieving process?
- A. For two years, a person has kept the deceased spouses belongings in their usual places.
- B. After 15 months, a widowed person realistically remembers both the pleasures and disappointments of the relationship with the spouse.
- C. Three years after the death, a person talks about the spouse as if the spouse was still alive and weeps when others mention the spouses name.
- D. Eighteen months after the spouses death, a person says, I never cry or have feelings of loss even though we were always very close.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The work of grieving is over when the bereaved can remember the individual realistically and acknowledge both the pleasure and disappointments associated with the loved one. The individual is then free to enter into new relationships and activities. The other options suggest unresolved grief.
A patient who was admitted for a heroin overdose received naloxone (Narcan), which improved the breathing pattern. Two hours later, the patient reports muscle aches, abdominal cramps, gooseflesh and says, 'I feel terrible.' Which analysis is correct?
- A. The patient is exhibiting a prodromal symptom of seizures.
- B. An idiosyncratic reaction to naloxone is occurring.
- C. Symptoms of opiate withdrawal are present.
- D. The patient is experiencing a relapse.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct analysis is C: Symptoms of opiate withdrawal are present. The patient's presentation of muscle aches, abdominal cramps, gooseflesh, and feeling terrible are classic symptoms of opiate withdrawal. Naloxone, as an opioid antagonist, reversed the effects of heroin leading to withdrawal symptoms. This is a typical response seen in patients who have been given naloxone to counteract opioid overdose. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not align with the patient's clinical presentation and pharmacological understanding. Choice D is also incorrect as there is no indication that the patient has resumed heroin use.
A nurse can assist a patient and family in which aspects of substance abuse relapse prevention? Select all that apply.
- A. Rehearsing techniques to handle anticipated stressful situations
- B. Advising the patient to accept residential treatment if relapse occurs
- C. Assisting the patient to identify life skills needed for effective coping
- D. Isolating self from significant others and social situations until sobriety is established
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because rehearsing techniques to handle stressful situations is a crucial aspect of substance abuse relapse prevention. By practicing coping strategies, the patient can effectively navigate triggers and prevent relapse.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Advising residential treatment is not a proactive relapse prevention strategy and does not empower the patient to manage triggers independently.
C: Identifying life skills is important, but alone it may not directly address relapse prevention techniques.
D: Isolating from support systems contradicts the importance of social support in recovery and may lead to feelings of loneliness and vulnerability, increasing the risk of relapse.