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Which of the following is an accurate statement about the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG)?
- A. ECFMG assists with learning English as a second language
- B. ECFMG fully prepares foreign graduates to discuss medical decision-making
- C. Completion of the ECFMG is comparable to an immersion experience
- D. Completion of the ECFMG may mask genuine problems with English fluency, which may affect doctor-patient communication
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ECFMG certification may not fully address language barriers.
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What should be considered when assessing the effectiveness of the dosage of Valium a patient has been receiving for six months?
- A. Potential for tolerance/dependence exists - doses may need to be increased
- B. Gastrointestinal disturbances
- C. Sexual dysfunction
- D. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Potential for tolerance/dependence exists - doses may need to be increased. When assessing the effectiveness of Valium dosage, it's crucial to consider tolerance and dependence because long-term use can lead to reduced efficacy, necessitating dose adjustments. This is important for ensuring the patient receives the optimal therapeutic benefit. Gastrointestinal disturbances (B) and sexual dysfunction (C) are potential side effects of Valium but are not directly related to assessing dosage effectiveness. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (D) are a different class of medications and not relevant to evaluating Valium dosage.
Describe some of the environmental factors affecting families.
- A. Poverty, housing, community violence
- B. Personal beliefs, moral values
- C. Individual talents, personal goals
- D. Therapist biases, session frequency
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Environmental factors like poverty and violence directly impact family functioning.
A health care worker is exposed to blood from a patient who has HIV. What action should the worker take after the exposure?
- A. Apply alcohol to the site.
- B. Cleanse the site with soap and water.
- C. Flush the site with hot running water.
- D. Apply a topical antibiotic to the site.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cleanse the site with soap and water. This is because soap and water effectively clean and disinfect the wound, reducing the risk of infection. Alcohol may not be as effective in removing bloodborne pathogens like HIV. Flushing with hot water can cause tissue damage and is not recommended. Applying a topical antibiotic is not necessary for blood exposure and may not prevent HIV transmission. Proper cleansing with soap and water is crucial to minimize the risk of infection following exposure to bloodborne pathogens like HIV.
Is a technique that gets children going in the desired direction
- A. Punishment
- B. Modeling
- C. Demonstrating
- D. Leading
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Modeling (Bandura) guides behavior through example.
zcording to social interactional theory, human beings differ from animals because
- A. Humans are only proactive and not reactive like animals
- B. Human beings have the ability to take the role of others
- C. Human show greater affection than animals
- D. All of these are correct
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Social interaction theory highlights humans' ability to role-take, a cognitive distinction from animals.