Nokea
During their prime employable years between ages 21 and 64, 77% of those with a nonsevere disability are employed. What has research shown about this employed population?
- A. Their salaries are commensurate with their experience.
- B. They enjoy their jobs more than people who do not have disabilities.
- C. Employment rates are higher among people with a disability than those without.
- D. People with disabilities earn less money than people without disabilities.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Employed people with a disability earn less money than people without disabilities. Of those without a disability, 85% are employed as compared to 77% of those with a nonsevere disability. Job satisfaction is not noted to differ.
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You have admitted a new patient to your unit with a diagnosis of stage IV breast cancer. This woman has a comorbidity of myasthenia gravis. While you are doing the initial assessment, the patient tells you that she felt the lump in her breast about 9 months ago. You ask the patient why she did not see her health care provider when she first found the lump in her breast. What would be a factor that is known to influence the patient in seeking health care services?
- A. Lack of insight due to the success of self-managing a chronic condition
- B. Lack of knowledge about treatment options
- C. Overly sensitive patient reactions to health care services
- D. Unfavorable interactions with health care providers
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because of unfavorable interactions with health care providers, including negative attitudes, insensitivity, and lack of knowledge, people with disabilities may avoid seeking medical intervention. The population of people who are disabled is not overly sensitive to the reactions of those providing health care services. This is more likely than lack of insight or knowledge on the part of the patient.
A patient has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The patient is clinically obese and has a sedentary lifestyle. How can the nurse best begin to help the patient increase his activity level?
- A. Set up appointment times at a local fitness center for the patient to attend.
- B. Have a family member ensure the patient follows a suggested exercise plan.
- C. Construct an exercise program and have the patient follow it.
- D. Identify barriers with the patient that inhibit his lifestyle change.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nurses cannot expect that sedentary patients are going to develop a sudden passion for exercise and that they will easily rearrange their day to accommodate time-consuming exercise plans. The patient may not be ready or willing to accept this lifestyle change. This is why it is important that the nurse and patient identify barriers to change.
An initiative has been launched in a large hospital to promote the use of people-first language in formal and informal communication. What is the significance to the patient when the nurse uses people-first language?
- A. The nurse knows more clearly who the patient is.
- B. The person is of more importance to the nurse than the disability.
- C. The patients disability is the defining characteristic of the patients life.
- D. The patients disability is a curable condition.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This simple use of language conveys the message that the person, rather than the illness or disability, is of greater importance to the nurse. The other answers are incorrect because no matter what language the nurse uses, the nurse knows who the patient is, that the patients disability is not most important in the patients life, and that the patients disability most likely will never be cured.
The nurse is caring for a young adult male with a traumatic brain injury and severe disabilities caused by a motor vehicle accident when he was an adolescent. Where does the nurse often provide care for patients like this young adult?
- A. Adult day-care facilities
- B. Step-down units
- C. Medical-surgical units
- D. Pediatric units
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Patients with preexisting disabilities due to conditions that have been present from birth or due to illnesses or injuries experienced as an adolescent or young adult often require health care and nursing care in medical-surgical settings. Step-down units provide care between the ICU setting and the regular units. Pediatric units provide care for patients aged 19 and younger. Adult day care may or may not be appropriate.
You are caring for a young woman who has Down syndrome and who has just been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. What consideration should you prioritize when planning this patients nursing care?
- A. How her new diagnosis affects her health attitudes
- B. How her diabetes affects the course of her Down syndrome
- C. How her chromosomal disorder affects her glucose metabolism
- D. How her developmental disability influences her health management
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is important to consider the interaction between existing disabilities and new diagnoses. Cognitive and motor deficits would greatly affect diabetes management. Diabetes would not likely affect her attitude or the course of her Down syndrome. Chromosomal disorders such as Down syndrome do not affect glucose metabolism.