Nokea
Electrolytes are not measured by weight; their chemical activity is expressed in milliequivalents. What does 1 mEq of potassium have the same combining power as?
- A. 1 mEq of nitrogen
- B. 1 mEq of oxygen
- C. 1 mEq of hydrogen
- D. 1 mEq of magnesium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Electrolytes are measured in milliequivalents: 1 mEq of any electrolyte is equal to 1 mEq of hydrogen.
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The nurse must keep an accurate intake and output record to assess kidney efficiency. In order for the kidneys to remove waste what is the least amount of hourly urine output the kidneys must produce to remove waste?
- A. 10 mL
- B. 20 mL
- C. 30 mL
- D. 40 mL
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The kidneys must excrete a minimum of 30 mL/h to eliminate waste products.
What does actively transporting electrolytes from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration require?
- A. Hydrostatic pressure
- B. Osmotic pressure
- C. Blood pressure
- D. Pulse pressure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Electrolytes are moved by hydrostatic pressure, which is a form of active transport.
The nurse uses a diagram to show that fluids in the interstitial and intravascular compartments are combined. What do they combine to form?
- A. Intercellular compartment
- B. Circulating compartment
- C. Vertical compartment
- D. Extracellular compartment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The fluids in the interstitial and intravascular compartments are combined to form the extracellular compartment.
What is the method by which inhaled oxygen is moved into the intravascular compartment called?
- A. Active transport
- B. Oxygenation
- C. Passive transport
- D. Mass movement
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Passive transport occurs when the patient inhales oxygen into the lungs, with the oxygen passing by diffusion into the intravascular compartment.
What should the nurse focus on when creating a nursing care plan for a patient with metabolic acidosis?
- A. Frequent periods of ambulation
- B. Increasing fluid intake
- C. Decreasing fluid intake
- D. Deep-breathing exercises
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Deep breathing will cause the patient to blow off CO2 and assist in increasing the pH and reduce the acidity.